Arthroscopic debridement and capsular release for glenohumeral osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis of the glenohumeral joint in younger, active patients presents a difficult situation to the surgeon, who would like to delay the necessity for hemiarthroplasty or total shoulder replacement until the patient is older and less active. This report outlines our technique of arthroscopic debridement and capsular release. By using electrocautery to release the rotator interval, anterior capsule, posterior capsule, and axillary recess, we have been able to improve the range of motion and to achieve pain relief. In 8 patients the mean improvement in range of motion was as follows: forward elevation, 21.4 degrees ; external rotation, 16.6 degrees; and internal rotation, 31.1 degrees. We believe that a reduction in joint contact pressures through a greater range of motion is the primary mechanism for pain relief resulting from capsular release.