[Aberrant immunophenotypes in 126 patients with acute leukemia].

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Immunology
• Oncology

Background:

• Minimal residual disease (MRD) detection is crucial in acute leukemia management.
• Leukemia aberrant immunophenotypes (LAIP) offer a potential method to distinguish leukemic cells from normal hematopoietic progenitors.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the characteristics of LAIP in acute leukemia.
• To determine the prevalence of different LAIP types in acute leukemia patients.

Main Methods:

• Flow cytometry (FCM) utilizing four-color analysis and CD45/SSC gating.
• Analysis of bone marrow samples from 126 acute leukemia patients.

Main Results:

• Definite LAIP were detected in approximately 76% of patients.
• Four main LAIP categories were identified: cross-lineage antigen expression (39%), asynchronous antigen expression (46%), antigen overexpression (21%), and antigen lack expression (29%).
• Multiple aberrant phenotypes were observed in the majority of cases.

Conclusions:

• LAIP, categorized into four subgroups, are prevalent in most acute leukemia patients.
• Immunophenotyping based on LAIP is a viable approach for MRD detection in acute leukemia.