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Adolescent substance use and abuse: recognition and management
Kim S Griswold1, Helen Aronoff, Joan B Kernan
1State University of New York at Buffalo School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Department of Family Medicine, Buffalo, New York 14215, USA. griswol@buffalo.edu
American Family Physician
|February 27, 2008
Summary
Family physicians can identify and manage adolescent substance abuse, a common yet undertreated condition. Early intervention and family therapy are key, with referrals to specialists often necessary for comprehensive care.
Area of Science:
- Adolescent Medicine
- Family Medicine
- Psychiatry
Background:
- Adolescent substance abuse is a significant public health issue in the US, often undertreated.
- Family physicians are uniquely positioned to identify and intervene in early stages of adolescent substance use.
- Comorbid mental health conditions, including depression, anxiety, conduct disorder, and ADHD, frequently co-occur with adolescent substance abuse.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the role of family physicians in addressing adolescent substance abuse.
- To outline screening, management, and referral strategies for adolescent substance use disorders.
- To emphasize the importance of integrated care within family and community contexts.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing screening tools such as the CRAFFT questionnaire.
- Implementing anticipatory guidance and brief therapeutic counseling.
- Coordinating care with specialists in substance use disorders, psychology, and psychiatry.
Main Results:
- Routine drug testing in offices, homes, or schools is not routinely recommended.
- Family therapy is a critical component in managing adolescent substance use disorders.
- A range of treatment options exist, from outpatient clinics to inpatient and residential programs.
Conclusions:
- Family physicians can play a pivotal role in the early detection and management of adolescent substance misuse.
- Effective management requires a coordinated approach involving family physicians, specialists, and community resources.
- Referral to specialized services is often essential for optimal patient outcomes.
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