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Glial Cells

Glial Cells

Nervous Tissue: Glial Cells

Nervous Tissue: Glial Cells

Glia, or neuroglia, are vital support cells that assist neurons in their functions. The term "glia" originates from the Greek word for "glue," reflecting their role in holding the nervous system together. These cells can be categorized into six types: four in the central nervous system (CNS) and two in the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
The CNS glial cell includes the astrocytes, the oligodendrocytes, the microglia, and the ependymal cells.
Astrocytes are star-shaped glial cells that interact...

Neurulation

Neurulation

Neurulation is the embryological process which forms the precursors of the central nervous system and occurs after gastrulation has established the three primary cell layers of the embryo: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. In humans, the majority of this system is formed via primary neurulation, in which the central portion of the ectoderm—originally appearing as a flat sheet of cells—folds upwards and inwards, sealing off to form a hollow neural tube. As development proceeds, the anterior...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Time-Lapse Imaging of Migrating Neurons and Glial Progenitors in Embryonic Mouse Brain Slices

Time-Lapse Imaging of Migrating Neurons and Glial Progenitors in Embryonic Mouse Brain Slices

Published on: March 8, 2024

Radial glia cells in the developing human brain.

Brian M Howard¹, Zhicheng Mo, Radmila Filipovic

¹Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.

The Neuroscientist : a Review Journal Bringing Neurobiology, Neurology and Psychiatry

|May 10, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Human radial glia (RG) are crucial progenitor cells in brain development, exhibiting unique human characteristics. Studying RG in the human fetal brain offers insights into neurodevelopment and potential therapies for neurological disorders.

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Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Time-Lapse Imaging of Migrating Neurons and Glial Progenitors in Embryonic Mouse Brain Slices

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Published on: March 8, 2024

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Isolation and Culture of Mouse Cortical Astrocytes

Isolation and Culture of Mouse Cortical Astrocytes

Published on: January 19, 2013

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Biology
Human Brain Development

Background:

Human radial glia (RG) share similarities with rodent counterparts but possess unique human brain features.
Differences exist in RG involvement in neurogenesis and oligodendrogenesis across mammalian species.
Studying the human brain is challenging due to limitations in experimental genetic methods.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize current knowledge on the role of radial glia in the human fetal brain.
To highlight unique aspects of human RG compared to other mammals.
To underscore the importance of RG characterization for future cell therapies.

Main Methods:

Analysis of postmortem human brain material.
Application of various in vitro techniques.
Comparative studies across mammalian species, including human and non-human primates.

Main Results:

Human RG display distinct characteristics compared to rodents.
Timing of RG immunomarker expression varies across species.
Human RG play a significant role in neurogenesis and oligodendrogenesis.

Conclusions:

Understanding human RG is vital for insights into brain development.
RG characterization is essential for developing cell replacement therapies for neurological disorders.
The protracted development of the human brain offers unique research opportunities.