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Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis: current challenges and threats
1Department of Microbiology, C.S.M. Medical University, Lucknow, India. amita602002@yahoo.com
FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology
|May 16, 2008
Summary
Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) is a growing global threat, affecting all continents. Urgent, improved tuberculosis management is crucial to control its spread, especially in resource-limited settings.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) is a severe form of tuberculosis.
- XDR-TB strains exhibit resistance to first-line drugs (rifampicin, isoniazid), fluoroquinolones, and injectable second-line drugs (amikacin, kanamycin, capreomycin).
- XDR-TB has been reported globally, posing a significant challenge to tuberculosis control efforts.
Purpose of the Study:
- To define extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB).
- To highlight the global prevalence and implications of XDR-TB.
- To emphasize the urgent need for improved tuberculosis management strategies.
Main Methods:
- Definition of XDR-TB based on drug resistance patterns.
- Review of recent global studies on XDR-TB prevalence.
- Analysis of factors contributing to XDR-TB emergence.
Main Results:
- XDR-TB is characterized by resistance to multiple antitubercular drug classes.
- XDR-TB strains are present on all continents, with an estimated global prevalence of 6.6% among multidrug-resistant strains.
- Poor tuberculosis management is a primary driver for XDR-TB emergence.
Conclusions:
- The emergence of XDR-TB is a critical public health concern.
- Effective control of XDR-TB requires enhanced tuberculosis management, particularly in vulnerable populations and regions.
- Addressing XDR-TB is an urgent global health priority.
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