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Related Concept Videos

Damped Oscillations01:07

Damped Oscillations

In the real world, oscillations seldom follow true simple harmonic motion. A system that continues its motion indefinitely without losing its amplitude is termed undamped. However, friction of some sort usually dampens the motion, so it fades away or needs more force to continue. For example, a guitar string stops oscillating a few seconds after being plucked. Similarly, one must continually push a swing to keep a child swinging on a playground.
Although friction and other non-conservative...
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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

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Atomic Nuclei: Types of Nuclear Relaxation01:28

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The de Broglie Wavelength02:32

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In the macroscopic world, objects that are large enough to be seen by the naked eye follow the rules of classical physics. A billiard ball moving on a table will behave like a particle; it will continue traveling in a straight line unless it collides with another ball, or it is acted on by some other force, such as friction. The ball has a well-defined position and velocity or well-defined momentum, p = mv, which is defined by mass m and velocity v at any given moment. This is the typical...

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An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
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New dissipation relaxation phenomenon in oscillating solid (4)He.

Y Aoki1, M C Keiderling, H Kojima

  • 1Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|June 4, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers observed time-dependent dissipation in solid helium-4 (4He) after drive level changes. This study reveals complex dynamics like decays, hysteresis, and memory effects in the relaxation process.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Quantum materials

Background:

  • Dissipation is a key property in understanding the behavior of materials under external stimuli.
  • Solid helium-4 (4He) exhibits unique quantum mechanical properties at low temperatures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the time-dependent dissipation in solid (4)He following abrupt changes in the drive level of a torsional oscillator.
  • To characterize the dynamical behavior of dissipation relaxation in this quantum solid.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a torsional oscillator to apply controlled drive levels to solid (4)He.
  • Monitoring and analyzing the time-dependent dissipation response after sudden alterations in the drive level.

Main Results:

  • Observed the first instance of time-dependent dissipation relaxation in solid (4)He.
  • Identified rich dynamical behaviors including exponential and logarithmic decays.
  • Documented the presence of hysteresis and memory effects during dissipation recovery.

Conclusions:

  • The relaxation of dissipation in solid (4)He is a complex process with diverse time-dependent characteristics.
  • Hysteresis and memory effects suggest non-trivial underlying mechanisms in the dissipation dynamics of solid (4)He.