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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Isolation and Characterization of the Immune Cells from Micro-dissected Mouse Choroid Plexuses
09:55

Isolation and Characterization of the Immune Cells from Micro-dissected Mouse Choroid Plexuses

Published on: February 3, 2022

Immune cells in the human choroid.

M-K Ezzat1, C R Hann, S Vuk-Pavlovic

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.

The British Journal of Ophthalmology
|June 26, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Human macular choroid contains similar amounts of CD4-positive cells and monocytes, but more CD8-positive cells are found with drusen. This suggests inflammatory cells may play a role in age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss.
  • The role of inflammatory cells in the pathogenesis of AMD is not fully understood.
  • Leukocyte infiltration in the macula may contribute to AMD development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize leucocyte populations in human macular choroid.
  • To compare leucocyte presence in maculas with and without drusen.
  • To investigate leucocyte profiles in eyes with advanced AMD and fibrovascular scarring (FVS).

Main Methods:

  • Human macular biopsies from nine donors (55-91 years) were analyzed.
  • Immunohistochemistry was used to detect leucocyte antigens (CD45, CD4, CD8, CD14, CD83).

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  • Samples were categorized as without drusen, with drusen, or with FVS.

    • Main Results:

    • CD45 (total leucocytes), CD4 (T-helper cells), and CD14 (monocytes) levels were similar across groups.
    • CD8-positive cells (cytotoxic T-cells) were more abundant in macular choroid with drusen.
    • CD83-positive cells (dendritic cells/monocytes) were found only in one FVS eye.

    Conclusions:

    • Human choroid contains comparable CD4-positive cells and monocytes regardless of drusen presence.
    • Increased CD8-positive cells in the presence of drusen suggest an inflammatory component.
    • The presence of hematopoietic cells supports the involvement of inflammatory cells in AMD pathogenesis.