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Related Concept Videos

Testing a Claim about Mean: Unknown Population SD01:21

Testing a Claim about Mean: Unknown Population SD

A complete procedure of testing a hypothesis about a population mean when the population standard deviation is unknown is explained here.
Estimating a population mean requires the samples to be approximately normally distributed. The data should be collected from the randomly selected samples having no sampling bias. There is no specific requirement for sample size. But if the sample size is less than 30, and we don't know the population standard deviation, a different approach is used; instead...
Gene Duplication and Divergence02:37

Gene Duplication and Divergence

The seminal work of Ohno in 1970 popularized the idea of gene duplication and divergence. DNA sequence comparison studies reveal that a large portion of the genes in bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes was  generated by gene duplication and divergence, indicating its critical role in evolution.
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are characterized.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Preparation of Adult Drosophila Eyes for Thin Sectioning and Microscopic Analysis
07:49

Preparation of Adult Drosophila Eyes for Thin Sectioning and Microscopic Analysis

Published on: August 27, 2011

Reticular pseudodrusen: a tale of two species?

K G Kapoor1, J S Pulido

  • 1The Mayo Clinic, Department of Ophthalmology, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.

Eye (London, England)
|April 13, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Reticular pseudodrusen (RPD) may originate from different layers of the eye, suggesting RPD is not a single disease. Further research is needed to understand these distinct origins.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Histopathology

Background:

  • Reticular pseudodrusen (RPD) are deposits under the retina.
  • Their precise anatomic origin has been debated.
  • Understanding RPD origin is crucial for diagnosing and treating related eye conditions.

Observation:

  • A multimodal imaging analysis was performed on two patients with presumed RPD.
  • Case 1 showed evidence supporting a choroidal origin for RPD.
  • Case 2 indicated an origin for RPD above the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE).

Findings:

  • The study suggests reticular pseudodrusen may have varied origins.
  • Evidence supports RPD originating from the choroid in some cases.
  • Evidence supports RPD originating above the retinal pigment epithelium in other cases.

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The Drosophila Imaginal Disc Tumor Model: Visualization and Quantification of Gene Expression and Tumor Invasiveness Using Genetic Mosaics
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The Drosophila Imaginal Disc Tumor Model: Visualization and Quantification of Gene Expression and Tumor Invasiveness Using Genetic Mosaics

Published on: October 6, 2016

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Last Updated: May 12, 2026

Preparation of Adult Drosophila Eyes for Thin Sectioning and Microscopic Analysis
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The Drosophila Imaginal Disc Tumor Model: Visualization and Quantification of Gene Expression and Tumor Invasiveness Using Genetic Mosaics
10:31

The Drosophila Imaginal Disc Tumor Model: Visualization and Quantification of Gene Expression and Tumor Invasiveness Using Genetic Mosaics

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Implications:

  • RPD might be a spectrum of diseases, not a single entity.
  • This challenges current classifications and diagnostic criteria for RPD.
  • Further investigation is needed to differentiate RPD subtypes and guide treatment.