Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 2, 2026

A Test Bed to Examine Helmet Fit and Retention and Biomechanical Measures of Head and Neck Injury in Simulated Impact
Published on: September 21, 2017
Female involvement in fatal crashes: increasingly riskier or increasingly exposed?
Eduardo Romano1, Tara Kelley-Baker, Robert B Voas
1Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, 11720 Beltsville Drive, Suite 900, Calverton, MD 20705-3111, United States. romano@pire.org
Abstract:
Men have long held the lead in motor-vehicle crashes. However, recent research from a variety of countries indicates that women are closing the gap. The relative increase in females involved in crashes has been associated with an increase in crash exposure. But is it simply that there are more women driving that is causing this increase? Or are there other mediating factors? The main goal of this research effort was to shed some light on this controversy. We found evidence that most of the observed increase in female drivers' fatalities was due to a parallel increase in female driving exposure but that some groups of female drivers (mainly underage female drivers) have become more vulnerable to some risk-taking driving behaviors than others.
Related Concept Videos
Hypothesis Test for Test of Independence
H0: The two variables (factors)...
Relative Risk
Drug Toxicity: Risk factors
Bystander Effect
Hazard Ratio
For example, in a clinical trial evaluating a...
Social Traps

