Minimally invasive approaches to upper urinary tract urolithiasis
Geoffrey R Wignall1, Benjamin K Canales, John D Denstedt
1Division of Urology, University of Western Ontario, 268 Grosvenor Street, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 4V2.
The Urologic Clinics of North America
|September 2, 2008
Summary
This review covers minimally invasive treatments for upper urinary tract urolithiasis, discussing factors affecting stone-free rates and surgical techniques for various stone locations and patient types.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Minimally Invasive Surgery
Background:
- Urolithiasis management is evolving, posing challenges for urologists.
- Minimally invasive techniques are increasingly preferred for upper urinary tract stones.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current minimally invasive treatment options for upper urinary tract urolithiasis.
- To examine factors influencing stone-free rates and surgical outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Review of surgical techniques including shockwave lithotripsy, ureteroscopy, percutaneous nephrolithotomy, and laparoscopy.
- Analysis of factors such as Hounsfield units, obesity, and lower pole calculi.
- Discussion of stone management in high-risk populations, including pregnant patients.
Main Results:
- Factors like Hounsfield units, obesity, and lower pole location impact stone-free rates.
- Specific surgical techniques are detailed with attention to variations.
- Management strategies for ureteral calculi and high-risk patients are presented.
Conclusions:
- Minimally invasive approaches offer diverse options for upper urinary tract urolithiasis.
- Understanding influencing factors and surgical techniques is crucial for optimizing treatment outcomes.
- Tailored management is essential, especially for high-risk patient groups.
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