Some observations on detritylation in solid-phase oligonucleotide synthesis
Shannon Millar1, Hongbin Tony Yan, Yogesh S Sanghvi
1Department of Chemistry, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada.
Nucleic Acids Symposium Series (2004)
|September 9, 2008
Summary
Shorter acid treatment times during oligodeoxyribonucleotide synthesis do not significantly impact the quality of full-length products. This finding optimizes solid-phase synthesis protocols for DNA production.
Area of Science:
- Oligonucleotide Synthesis
- Organic Chemistry
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Solid-phase synthesis is a common method for producing oligodeoxyribonucleotides.
- Acid treatment is a critical step in deprotection during solid-phase synthesis.
- Optimizing reaction times is crucial for efficient and cost-effective synthesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of varying acid treatment durations on oligodeoxyribonucleotide quality.
- To determine if reduced acid delivery times affect the yield of full-length products.
- To identify potential optimizations for solid-phase oligonucleotide synthesis.
Main Methods:
- Oligodeoxyribonucleotides were synthesized using standard solid-phase techniques.
- Different durations of acid treatment were applied during the synthesis process.
- The quality and length of the synthesized oligodeoxyribonucleotides were analyzed.
Main Results:
- Varying acid treatment times did not result in a significant decrease in the quality of the synthesized oligodeoxyribonucleotides.
- Shorter acid delivery times were found to be sufficient for achieving high-quality, full-length products.
- The yield of full-length oligodeoxyribonucleotides remained comparable across different acid treatment durations.
Conclusions:
- Reduced acid treatment times are feasible in solid-phase oligodeoxyribonucleotide synthesis without compromising product quality.
- Optimizing acid delivery time can lead to more efficient and potentially cost-effective DNA synthesis.
- These findings support the refinement of synthesis protocols for improved oligonucleotide production.
Related Concept Videos
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)
Acyclic diene metathesis polymerization or ADMET polymerization involves cross-metathesis of terminal dienes, such as 1,8-nonadiene, to give linear unsaturated polymer and ethylene. As ADMET is a reversible process, the formed ethylene gas must be removed from the reaction mixture to complete the polymerization process.
Similar to cross-metathesis, ADMET also involves the formation of metallacyclobutane intermediate by [2+2] cycloaddition of one of the double bonds of a terminal diene with...
Similar to cross-metathesis, ADMET also involves the formation of metallacyclobutane intermediate by [2+2] cycloaddition of one of the double bonds of a terminal diene with...
SN1 Reaction: Kinetics
In an SN2 reaction, the reaction rate depends on both the type of nucleophile and the substrate. A hindered tertiary alkyl halide is practically inert to the SN2 mechanism despite using a strong nucleophile.
However, Sir Christopher Ingold and Edward D. Hughes, who studied the kinetics of various nucleophilic substitution reactions, noticed that a tertiary alkyl halide does undergo a nucleophilic substitution reaction in the presence of a weak nucleophile. While studying the substitution...
However, Sir Christopher Ingold and Edward D. Hughes, who studied the kinetics of various nucleophilic substitution reactions, noticed that a tertiary alkyl halide does undergo a nucleophilic substitution reaction in the presence of a weak nucleophile. While studying the substitution...
SN2 Reaction: Transition State
An SN2 reaction of an alkyl halide is a single-step process in which bond formation between the nucleophile and the substrate and bond breaking between the substrate and the halide occurs simultaneously through a transition state without forming an intermediate.
When the nucleophile approaches the electrophilic carbon with its lone pairs, the halide acts as a leaving group and moves away with the electron-pair bonded to the carbon. Dotted partial bonds represent the bonds being formed or broken...
When the nucleophile approaches the electrophilic carbon with its lone pairs, the halide acts as a leaving group and moves away with the electron-pair bonded to the carbon. Dotted partial bonds represent the bonds being formed or broken...
Translesion DNA Polymerases
Translesion (TLS) polymerases rescue stalled DNA polymerases at sites of damaged bases by replacing the replicative polymerase and installing a nucleotide across the damaged site. Doing so, TLS allows additional time for the cell to repair the damage before resuming regular DNA replication.
TLS polymerases are found in all three domains of life - archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Of the different classes of TLS polymerases, members of the Y family are fitted with specialized structures that...
TLS polymerases are found in all three domains of life - archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Of the different classes of TLS polymerases, members of the Y family are fitted with specialized structures that...
ATP and Macromolecule Synthesis
Biological macromolecules are organic compounds, predominantly composed of carbon atoms. The carbon atoms are covalently bonded with hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and other minor elements. There are four major biological macromolecule classes: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
Most macromolecules are composed of single subunits, or building blocks, called monomers. The monomers combine with each other using covalent bonds to form larger molecules known as polymers.
Conversion of...
Most macromolecules are composed of single subunits, or building blocks, called monomers. The monomers combine with each other using covalent bonds to form larger molecules known as polymers.
Conversion of...
E2 Reaction: Kinetics and Mechanism
SN2 substitutions and E2 eliminations of alkyl halides proceed via a concerted pathway. While the nucleophile attacks the alpha carbon in SN2 reactions, it functions as a strong base and abstracts a beta hydrogen in the E2 mechanism. The rate-limiting transition state in E2 elimination reactions is characterized by partially broken carbon–hydrogen and carbon–halogen bonds and a partially formed pi bond between the alpha and beta carbons. The beta hydrogen and halide are eliminated...


