Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration01:27

Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration

Calcium is an essential signaling molecule required for various cellular functions. Calcium pumps and ion channels on cell and organellar membranes, such as those on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), regulate calcium concentrations inside the cell. They remain closed, keeping the cytosolic calcium levels low at a resting state.
Various transmembrane receptors, such as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), elicit a response to extracellular signals by increasing cytosolic calcium. Activated GPCRs...
Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis01:21

Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis

Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.
Calmodulin-dependent Signaling01:16

Calmodulin-dependent Signaling

Calmodulin (CaM) is a calcium-binding protein in eukaryotes that controls various calcium-regulated cellular processes. It has four calcium-binding sites that bind calcium to form the calcium-calmodulin ( Ca2+-CaM) complex. GPCR stimulation increases the calcium levels in the cells that bind to CaM and induces a conformational change.
The Ca2+-CaM complex does not have enzymatic activity by itself. Instead, the complex binds downstream target proteins, including membrane proteins or enzymes,...
Oscillations In An LC Circuit01:30

Oscillations In An LC Circuit

An idealized LC circuit of zero resistance can oscillate without any source of emf by shifting the energy stored in the circuit between the electric and magnetic fields. In such an LC circuit, if the capacitor contains a charge q before the switch is closed, then all the energy of the circuit is initially stored in the electric field of the capacitor. This energy is given by
Oscillations about an Equilibrium Position01:04

Oscillations about an Equilibrium Position

Stability is an important concept in oscillation. If an equilibrium point is stable, a slight disturbance of an object that is initially at the stable equilibrium point will cause the object to oscillate around that point. For an unstable equilibrium point, if the object is disturbed slightly, it will not return to the equilibrium point. There are three conditions for equilibrium points—stable, unstable, and half-stable. A half-stable equilibrium point is also unstable, but is named so because...
Forced Oscillations01:06

Forced Oscillations

When an oscillator is forced with a periodic driving force, the motion may seem chaotic. The motions of such oscillators are known as transients. After the transients die out, the oscillator reaches a steady state, where the motion is periodic, and the displacement is determined.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

ERBB4 activation as a new therapy for atrial remodeling and fibrillation.

Heart rhythm·2026
Same author

Pharmacological and Biological Tools to Inhibit IP<sub>3</sub> Receptors.

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology·2026
Same author

Sodium-myo-inositol cotransporter-1, SMIT1, promotes cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis induced by pressure overload in mice.

Cardiovascular research·2026
Same author

Patient-Derived 3D Bioprinted Cardiac Organoid Constructs Reveal Key Pathological Features of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.

Advanced healthcare materials·2026
Same author

Location and aetiology are determinants of fibroblast activation and heterogeneity in the failing human heart.

Genome medicine·2025
Same author

Stochastic model of IP3-induced Ca2+ spiking of HEK293 cells.

PLoS computational biology·2025
Same journal

Mammalian Respiratory Chain Complex Assemblies and Their Links to Mitochondria Stress-Induced Human Diseases.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2026
Same journal

Enzyme Assemblies in Nucleotide Metabolism: Structure, Regulation, and Disease Implications.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2026
Same journal

The Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex: A 90-Year-Old Enigma Shaping the Future of Structural Enzymology.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2026
Same journal

Regulation of the Anti-termination RNA Transcription Complex by Lon-Mediated Lambda N Degradation.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2026
Same journal

PCNA Macromolecular Complexes: PCNA Serves as a Molecular Hub Regulating Multiple Cellular Processes Inside and Outside of the Nucleus.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2026
Same journal

Dynamic Assemblies in Genome Maintenance.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Fluorescent Calcium Imaging and Subsequent In Situ Hybridization for Neuronal Precursor Characterization in Xenopus laevis
09:07

Fluorescent Calcium Imaging and Subsequent In Situ Hybridization for Neuronal Precursor Characterization in Xenopus laevis

Published on: February 18, 2020

Calcium oscillations.

Ruediger Thul1, Tomas C Bellamy, H Llewelyn Roderick

  • 1School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|September 12, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cellular calcium (Ca2+) dynamics are crucial for numerous physiological processes, from neurotransmission to gene regulation. Understanding these complex Ca2+ signals involves studying cellular proteins and computational modeling.

More Related Videos

Recording Gamma Band Oscillations in Pedunculopontine Nucleus Neurons
09:04

Recording Gamma Band Oscillations in Pedunculopontine Nucleus Neurons

Published on: September 14, 2016

Generation of Local CA1 &#947; Oscillations by Tetanic Stimulation
08:02

Generation of Local CA1 γ Oscillations by Tetanic Stimulation

Published on: August 14, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Fluorescent Calcium Imaging and Subsequent In Situ Hybridization for Neuronal Precursor Characterization in Xenopus laevis
09:07

Fluorescent Calcium Imaging and Subsequent In Situ Hybridization for Neuronal Precursor Characterization in Xenopus laevis

Published on: February 18, 2020

Recording Gamma Band Oscillations in Pedunculopontine Nucleus Neurons
09:04

Recording Gamma Band Oscillations in Pedunculopontine Nucleus Neurons

Published on: September 14, 2016

Generation of Local CA1 &#947; Oscillations by Tetanic Stimulation
08:02

Generation of Local CA1 γ Oscillations by Tetanic Stimulation

Published on: August 14, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Cellular calcium (Ca2+) concentration regulates diverse physiological functions, including neurotransmitter release and gene expression.
  • Dysregulation of Ca2+ can lead to cell death (apoptosis and necrosis), necessitating tight control via pumps, channels, and buffers.
  • Cellular Ca2+ signaling exhibits complex spatiotemporal dynamics, characterized by oscillations in concentration, amplitude, frequency, and spatial extent.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the biological roles of Ca2+.
  • To discuss experimental characterization of dynamic Ca2+ changes.
  • To explore computational models explaining Ca2+ signaling complexity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of the cellular protein 'toolkit' influencing Ca2+ concentration.
  • Description of mechanistic models for key Ca2+ regulatory proteins.
  • Integration of models into whole-cell frameworks for Ca2+ oscillations and waves.
  • Exploration of stochastic modeling for elementary Ca2+ signal events.

Main Results:

  • Detailed review of Ca2+ biological roles and signaling complexity.
  • Presentation of mechanistic and whole-cell computational models.
  • Introduction to stochastic modeling for understanding Ca2+ signal initiation.

Conclusions:

  • Cellular Ca2+ concentration is tightly regulated by a complex interplay of proteins.
  • Computational models are essential for understanding the spatiotemporal complexity of Ca2+ signaling.
  • Stochastic modeling offers insights into the transition from elementary Ca2+ events to global signals.