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Related Concept Videos

Decision Making01:20

Decision Making

Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
Automatic decision-making is fast, intuitive, and relies on gut feelings...
Reason and Intuition01:37

Reason and Intuition

The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the brain can only use...
Decision Making: Traditional Method01:14

Decision Making: Traditional Method

The process of hypothesis testing based on the traditional method includes calculating the critical value, testing the value of the test statistic using the sample data, and interpreting these values.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is decided based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to this claim is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses, out of which a null hypothesis would be a...
Critical Thinking01:19

Critical Thinking

Critical thinking involves reflective and productive thinking and the evaluation of evidence. Critical thinkers seek to understand the deeper meaning of ideas, question assumptions, and make independent decisions about what to believe or do. Scientists, for instance, are often critical thinkers. Critical thinking also requires humility about what we know and don't know and the motivation to look beyond the obvious. It is essential for effective problem-solving.
Colleges and universities are...
Critical Thinking II01:25

Critical Thinking II

Critical thinking is a cognitive process with several attributes. The attributes of critical thinking include the following:
Decision Making: P-value Method01:09

Decision Making: P-value Method

The process of hypothesis testing based on the P-value method includes calculating the P- value using the sample data and interpreting it.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is proposed. The claim is based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to the claim  is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses:  a null hypothesis would be a neutral statement while the alternative hypothesis can have a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 30, 2026

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

Mindful judgment and decision making.

Elke U Weber1, Eric J Johnson

  • 1Center for the Decision Sciences (CDS), Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA. euw2@columbia.edu

Annual Review of Psychology
|September 19, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Psychological research explains judgment and decision-making (JDM) by examining cognitive and affective processes. Understanding these processes aids in developing interventions for undesirable choices.

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Last Updated: Jun 30, 2026

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

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Published on: June 12, 2020

An Automated T-maze Based Apparatus and Protocol for Analyzing Delay- and Effort-based Decision Making in Free Moving Rodents
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An Automated T-maze Based Apparatus and Protocol for Analyzing Delay- and Effort-based Decision Making in Free Moving Rodents

Published on: August 2, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Behavioral Economics

Background:

  • Decision research has evolved beyond attention and information integration.
  • Recent work incorporates goals, mental representation, memory, automatic processes, and emotions.
  • Psychological process models are increasingly used to explain judgment and choice phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore how psychological processes influence judgment and decision-making (JDM).
  • To highlight the role of "mindful" JDM research in providing causal explanations.
  • To demonstrate how process models can inform interventions for undesirable choices.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent decision research focusing on psychological processes.
  • Analysis of how cognitive and affective factors impact judgment and choice.
  • Integration of psychological process models with mathematical descriptions of JDM phenomena.

Main Results:

  • A wide array of psychological processes, including cognitive and affective, are crucial for understanding JDM.
  • Mindful JDM research offers causal explanations for choice regularities.
  • Psychological process models provide insights into individual differences and lifespan changes.

Conclusions:

  • Psychological process models offer a comprehensive framework for understanding JDM phenomena.
  • These models supplement existing mathematical descriptions and offer pathways for intervention.
  • Understanding psychological processes is key to improving decision-making and overcoming undesirable choices.