Directed hybridization of DNA derivatized nanoparticles into higher order structures

Electric field directed hybridization was used to produce twenty layer nanostructures composed of DNA derivatized nanoparticles. Using an electronic microarray device, DNA nanoparticles could be directed and concentrated such that rapid and specific hybridization occurs only on the activated sites. Nanoparticle layers were formed within 30 s of activation and twenty layer structures completed in under an hour. Results demonstrate a unique combination of bottom-up and top-down techniques for nanofabrication.