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Updated: Jun 28, 2026
08:01
Tuning a Parallel Segmented Flow Column and Enabling Multiplexed Detection
Published on: December 15, 2015
Simultaneous multiple injection to perform titration and standard addition in mono-segmented flow analysis.
M Assali1, I M Raimundo, I Facchin
1Instituto de Química, UNICAMP, CP 6154, Campinas, São Paulo, CEP 13083-970, Brazil.
Journal of Automated Methods & Management in Chemistry
|October 18, 2008
Summary
This study presents an automated system for titration and standard addition in monosegmented flow analysis. The automated method provides accurate results comparable to manual techniques, enhancing analytical efficiency.
Area of Science:
- Analytical Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering
- Spectroscopy
Background:
- Traditional titration and standard addition methods can be time-consuming and labor-intensive.
- Automation in analytical chemistry offers potential for increased throughput and improved precision.
- Monosegmented flow analysis (MFA) provides a platform for miniaturized and efficient chemical analysis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and evaluate an automated system for performing titration and standard addition using monosegmented flow analysis.
- To assess the system's performance in terms of accuracy and precision compared to manual methods.
- To demonstrate the system's applicability for determining specific analytes in real-world samples.
Main Methods:
- An automated system was designed employing simultaneous multiple injections in MFA.
- A PC-AT-386 microcomputer controlled the system via a custom parallel interface.
- A diode array spectrophotometer served as the detector, with software developed in QuickBasic 4.5 for control and data acquisition.
- A three-way solenoid valve and proportional injector were used for automated addition of titrant or standard solutions.
- Analyte quantification was achieved by controlling the injection time of titrant/standard solutions.
Main Results:
- The automated system successfully performed both titration and standard addition, yielding curves comparable to manual methods.
- Low sample dispersion, attributed to air bubbles in the monosegment, contributed to reliable results.
- The titration module accurately determined Fe(II) in pharmaceutical preparations using KMnO4.
- The standard addition module effectively determined Cr(VI) in natural waters and wastewater via the diphenylcarbazide method.
- Results from both automated procedures showed no significant difference from reference methods at a 95% confidence level.
Conclusions:
- The developed automated system for titration and standard addition in MFA is a viable and accurate alternative to manual methods.
- The system demonstrates robustness and reliability for quantitative analysis in diverse sample matrices.
- Automation significantly enhances analytical efficiency and precision in flow analysis techniques.
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