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Integrated photonic coupler based on frustrated total internal reflection.

Nathan R Huntoon1, Marc P Christensen, Duncan L MacFarlane

  • 1Department of Electrical Engineering, Southern Methodist University, P.O. Box 750338 Dallas, Texas 75275-0338, USA.

Applied Optics
|October 22, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents an efficient optical coupler for integrated photonic circuits using frustrated total internal reflection (FTIR). Design tools are provided for creating compact 3 dB couplers with high performance.

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics and Optical Engineering
  • Integrated Optics
  • Nanophotonics

Background:

  • Integrated photonic circuits require efficient and compact optical couplers.
  • Frustrated total internal reflection (FTIR) offers a potential mechanism for novel optical coupling.
  • Existing coupling methods may face limitations in footprint or efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present and analyze a novel optical coupler based on frustrated total internal reflection (FTIR).
  • To derive analytic expressions for the coupler's performance.
  • To provide design tools for fabricating efficient 3 dB FTIR couplers.

Main Methods:

  • Derivation of analytic expressions for transmission and reflection coefficients using plane-wave theory.
  • Experimental verification of the derived analytic expressions.
  • Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) modeling to simulate FTIR coupler performance.

Main Results:

  • The FTIR-based optical coupler demonstrates high efficiency within a compact footprint.
  • Analytic expressions were validated through experimental measurements.
  • FDTD modeling provided insights into coupler behavior and performance characteristics.

Conclusions:

  • The FTIR optical coupler is a viable technology for integrated photonic circuits.
  • The developed analytic and modeling tools facilitate the design of efficient 3 dB couplers.
  • This work contributes to the advancement of compact and high-performance photonic devices.