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Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Hormone Secretion01:19

Regulation of Hormone Secretion

Regulation of hormone secretion is a finely tuned orchestration driven by various types of stimuli, encompassing neural, humoral, and hormonal signals. Environmental cues instigate neural stimuli, where action potentials traverse nerve fibers to reach their designated targets. An illustrative scenario is the body's response to stress, wherein the sympathetic nervous system releases epinephrine from the adrenal glands, inducing the well-known 'fight or flight' reaction.
Humoral stimuli,...
Feedback Loops01:01

Feedback Loops

In most cases, excessive hormone production is prevented by negative feedback—a loop that starts with a stimulus inducing the release of a particular substance, like a hormone, to maintain a certain level before triggering a signal that results in a decrease in further release of the hormone.
Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle01:22

Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle

The ovarian cycle regulates endometrial changes throughout a single menstrual cycle via the coordinated action of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotrophins.
At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH release.
An Overview of the Endocrine System01:10

An Overview of the Endocrine System

The endocrine system, a complex network of glands, orchestrates physiological balance within the body through the production and secretion of hormones. These hormones are chemical messengers in intercellular communication, acting as conduits between the secretory cells and distant target sites. They traverse the circulatory system by being released into the extracellular fluid, and their impact is specific to cells possessing receptors for a particular hormone.
The endocrine system collaborates...
Hormones of the Pituitary Gland01:27

Hormones of the Pituitary Gland

The small, pea-sized pituitary gland is located at the base of the brain. It is crucial in regulating various bodily functions, from growth to reproduction. The gland is divided into the anterior lobe and the posterior lobe. The secretory cell clusters in the pars distalis of the anterior pituitary lobe are controlled by hypothalamic regulators and synthesize six primary hormones.
The most abundantly secreted hormone from the anterior lobe is the growth hormone, which controls overall growth by...
Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle01:30

Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle

The ovarian cycle is meticulously regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This cycle orchestrates the release of a mature oocyte, essential for reproduction.
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle.  At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Frequent Tail-tip Blood Sampling in Mice for the Assessment of Pulsatile Luteinizing Hormone Secretion
05:58

Frequent Tail-tip Blood Sampling in Mice for the Assessment of Pulsatile Luteinizing Hormone Secretion

Published on: July 4, 2018

Motivations and methods for analyzing pulsatile hormone secretion.

Johannes D Veldhuis1, Daniel M Keenan, Steven M Pincus

  • 1Endocrine Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Medical School, Mayo School of Graduate Medical Education, Center for Translational Science Activities, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA. Veldhuis.Johannes@mayo.edu

Endocrine Reviews
|October 23, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Endocrine glands use continuous and intermittent hormone signals for control. Understanding pulsatile hormone secretion is key to analyzing these complex physiological regulatory systems.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Frequent Tail-tip Blood Sampling in Mice for the Assessment of Pulsatile Luteinizing Hormone Secretion
05:58

Frequent Tail-tip Blood Sampling in Mice for the Assessment of Pulsatile Luteinizing Hormone Secretion

Published on: July 4, 2018

Mechanisms Underlying Gut Hormone Secretion Using the Isolated Perfused Rat Small Intestine
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Mechanisms Underlying Gut Hormone Secretion Using the Isolated Perfused Rat Small Intestine

Published on: February 26, 2019

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08:56

Remote Neuronal Activation Coupled with Automated Blood Sampling to Induce and Measure Circulating Luteinizing Hormone in Mice

Published on: August 25, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Physiology
  • Systems Biology

Background:

  • Endocrine glands utilize both continuous and intermittent signaling for intercellular communication.
  • Intermittent signaling facilitates rapid physiological adjustments, complementing slower, continuous control mechanisms.
  • Hormonal control systems exhibit species-, gender-, age-, and context-specific regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the physiological origins, significance, and mechanisms of pulsatile hormone secretion.
  • To address key analytical challenges in quantifying hormone secretion dynamics.
  • To reconstruct complex hormone dose-response interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Quantification of hormone pulse characteristics (number, size, shape, uniformity).
  • Assessment of basal secretion and hormone elimination kinetics.
  • Evaluation of overall endocrine axis regulation and inter-glandular connections.

Main Results:

  • Review highlights progress in understanding adaptive interglandular signaling in vivo.
  • Identifies critical analytical issues for studying pulsatile hormone release.
  • Focuses on motivations and methodologies for analyzing complex endocrine communication.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding pulsatile hormone secretion is crucial for comprehending endocrine system regulation.
  • Advanced analytical methods are needed to dissect the dynamics of hormone signaling.
  • This review synthesizes current knowledge and future directions in endocrine signal analysis.