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[Intensity of immunity in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus vaccinated against hepatitis B]

M P Kostinov, A A Tarasova

    Zhurnal Mikrobiologii, Epidemiologii I Immunobiologii
    |November 14, 2008
    PubMed

    Insights

    Hepatitis B immunoprophylaxis is crucial for children with type 1 diabetes. Optimal antibody levels were achieved with a 3-dose vaccination schedule, but monitoring is essential, especially with diabetic complications.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatrics
    • Immunology
    • Endocrinology

    Background:

    • Children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) face severe hepatitis B infections.
    • Immunoprophylaxis is essential for preventing hepatitis B in this vulnerable population.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess the effectiveness of hepatitis B vaccination in children with DM1.
    • To identify factors influencing seroconversion and antibody titers post-vaccination.

    Main Methods:

    • A serologic study was conducted on 205 vaccinated and unvaccinated children with DM1.
    • Antibody titers were measured to assess immune response and protection.

    Main Results:

    • A significant proportion of unvaccinated children (69.7%) were seronegative for hepatitis B antibodies.
    • A 3-dose vaccination schedule (0-1-6 months) resulted in significantly higher antibody titers above the protective threshold (10 mlU/ml).
    • Seronegativity was not correlated with sex, disease duration, insulin dose, allergies, respiratory infections, or time since vaccination, but decreased with more diabetic complications.

    Conclusions:

    • The 3-dose hepatitis B vaccination schedule is effective in children with DM1.
    • Immunity wanes with an increasing number of diabetic complications.
    • Serologic monitoring is recommended for children with multiple DM1 complications, particularly those in rural areas, to determine the need for booster vaccinations.

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