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Differences in allergic sensitization by self-reported race and genetic ancestry
James J Yang1, Esteban G Burchard2, Shweta Choudhry3
1Department of Biostatistics and Research Epidemiology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Mich.
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|November 19, 2008
Summary
Allergic sensitization is more common in African Americans than white individuals. Environmental factors, like where someone lives, appear more influential than genetic ancestry in predicting allergies.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Environmental Health
- Population Genetics
Background:
- Allergic conditions disproportionately affect African American patients compared to white patients.
- The reasons for this disparity are unclear, with potential contributions from genetic predisposition or differing environmental exposures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between self-reported race and genetic ancestry with allergic sensitization.
- To determine if race or genetic background is a stronger predictor of allergic sensitization.
Main Methods:
- A cohort study of 601 women (African American and white) was conducted.
- Genetic ancestry was assessed using markers for West African and European heritage.
- Allergic sensitization was defined as one or more positive allergen-specific IgE tests, analyzed against race and ancestry using regression models.
Main Results:
- Self-reported African American race was linked to higher rates of allergic sensitization (aOR=2.19) compared to white race, even after adjustments.
- Genetic ancestry did not show a significant association with allergic sensitization.
- Urban versus suburban residence was a significant predictor of allergic sensitization (aOR=2.09).
Conclusions:
- Self-reported race and residential location are significant predictors of allergic sensitization.
- The observed racial disparities in allergic sensitization may be driven more by environmental factors than genetic differences.
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