Group aquatic aerobic exercise for children with disabilities

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Rehabilitation
• Exercise Physiology
• Aquatic Therapy

Background:

• Children with disabilities often face challenges in developing cardiorespiratory endurance.
• Aquatic exercise offers a low-impact environment suitable for individuals with physical limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a group aquatic aerobic exercise program for improving cardiorespiratory endurance in children with disabilities.
• To assess secondary outcomes including muscle strength and motor skills.

Main Methods:

• An A-B study design was employed with 16 children (ages 6-11) diagnosed with various disabilities.
• Participants engaged in a 14-week, twice-weekly aquatic program focusing on target heart rate zones, swimming, and resistance exercises.
• Outcomes measured included a half-mile walk/run test, isometric muscle strength, timed floor-to-stand test, and motor skills assessment.

Main Results:

• Significant improvements were observed in the half-mile walk/run test, indicating enhanced cardiorespiratory endurance.
• No significant improvements were noted in secondary outcomes such as muscle strength or motor skills.
• The program demonstrated high adherence (80% attendance) and a favorable safety profile with no reported injuries.

Conclusions:

• Group aquatic aerobic exercise can effectively improve cardiorespiratory endurance in children with disabilities.
• The program's structure, including a high adult-to-child ratio and specific training goals, contributed to its success.
• Aquatic exercise is a safe and beneficial intervention for enhancing the fitness of children with diverse developmental disabilities.