Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hydrogen Bonds01:04

Hydrogen Bonds

A hydrogen bond is formed when a weakly positive hydrogen atom already bonded to one electronegative atom (for example, the oxygen in the water molecule) is attracted to another electronegative atom from another polar molecule, such as water (H2O), hydrogen fluoride (HF), or ammonia (NH3). The huge electronegativity difference between the H atom (2.1) and the atom to which it is bonded (4.0 for an F atom, 3.5 for an O atom, or 3.0 for an N atom), combined with the very small size of an H atom...
Hydrogen Bonds00:26

Hydrogen Bonds

Hydrogen BondsHydrogen bonds are weak attractions between atoms that have formed other chemical bonds. One of these atoms is electronegative, like oxygen, and has a partial negative charge. The other is a hydrogen atom that has bonded with another electronegative atom and has a partial positive charge.Hydrogen Bonds Control the World!Because hydrogen has very weak electronegativity when it binds with a strongly electronegative atom, such as oxygen or nitrogen, electrons in the bond are...
Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
Molecular Shape and Polarity03:37

Molecular Shape and Polarity

Dipole Moment of a Molecule
Intermolecular Forces03:13

Intermolecular Forces

Atoms and molecules interact through bonds (or forces): intramolecular and intermolecular. The forces are electrostatic as they arise from interactions (attractive or repulsive) between charged species (permanent, partial, or temporary charges) and exist with varying strengths between ions, polar, nonpolar, and neutral molecules. The different types of intermolecular forces are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion; among these, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion...
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Unveiling Solvent-Mediated Mechanochemical Cocrystallization Pathways by <i>In Situ</i> CLASSIC NMR Spectroscopy.

Molecular pharmaceutics·2026
Same author

Probing assembly/disassembly of ordered molecular hydrogels.

Faraday discussions·2024
Same author

Towards controlling the crystallisation behaviour of fenofibrate melt: triggers of crystallisation and polymorphic transformation.

RSC advances·2022
Same author

Nonlinear electric response of the diffuse double layer to an abrupt charge displacement inside a biological membrane.

Bioelectrochemistry (Amsterdam, Netherlands)·2022
Same author

Directing Crystallization Outcomes of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Polymorphs, Solvates, and Desolvation Pathways of Fluconazole.

Molecular pharmaceutics·2022
Same author

Self-assembling, supramolecular chemistry and pharmacology of amphotericin B: Poly-aggregates, oligomers and monomers.

Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society·2021
Same journal

A Description of the Techniques and Application of Molecular Replacement Used to Determine the Structure of Polyoma Virus Capsid at 22.5 Å Resolution.

Acta crystallographica. Section B, Structural science·2014
Same journal

On the shortest B(III)-O bonds.

Acta crystallographica. Section B, Structural science·2013
Same journal

A high-pressure polymorph of chlorpropamide formed on hydrostatic compression of the α-form in saturated ethanol solution.

Acta crystallographica. Section B, Structural science·2013
Same journal

Thermodynamic and structural relationships between the two polymorphs of 1,3-dimethylurea.

Acta crystallographica. Section B, Structural science·2013
Same journal

Entry point into new trimeric and tetrameric imide-based macrocyclic esters derived from isophthaloyl dichloride and methyl 6-aminonicotinate.

Acta crystallographica. Section B, Structural science·2013
Same journal

Structural and electronic aspects of hydrogen bonding in two polymorphs of butylene-N,N'-bis(O,O'-diarylphosphoramidate).

Acta crystallographica. Section B, Structural science·2013
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates
06:35

Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates

Published on: February 15, 2016

Persistent hydrogen bonding in polymorphic crystal structures.

Peter T A Galek1, László Fábián, Frank H Allen

  • 1Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre, 12 Union Road, Cambridge CB2 1EZ, England. galek@ccdc.cam.ac.uk

Acta Crystallographica. Section B, Structural Science
|January 22, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New methods reveal how hydrogen bonds change between crystal forms. Most persistent hydrogen bonds are vital for crystal structure stability, offering insights into polymorphism.

More Related Videos

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
06:44

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding

Published on: March 24, 2018

Computation of Atmospheric Concentrations of Molecular Clusters from ab initio Thermochemistry
12:11

Computation of Atmospheric Concentrations of Molecular Clusters from ab initio Thermochemistry

Published on: April 8, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates
06:35

Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates

Published on: February 15, 2016

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
06:44

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding

Published on: March 24, 2018

Computation of Atmospheric Concentrations of Molecular Clusters from ab initio Thermochemistry
12:11

Computation of Atmospheric Concentrations of Molecular Clusters from ab initio Thermochemistry

Published on: April 8, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Crystallography
  • Chemical Physics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Polymorphism, the ability of a solid material to exist in multiple crystal structures, is common in crystalline solids.
  • Hydrogen bonds play a critical role in determining crystal structures and their stability.
  • Understanding hydrogen bond variability in polymorphism is crucial for materials design and prediction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the significance and variability of hydrogen bonding in polymorphic crystal structures.
  • To define and identify chemically equivalent hydrogen bonds across different polymorphic forms.
  • To investigate the factors influencing the persistence of hydrogen bonds during polymorphic transitions.

Main Methods:

  • Development and application of new automated structural analysis methods.
  • Definition of chemically equivalent hydrogen bonds for comparative analysis.
  • Analysis of 882 polymorphic structures from the Cambridge Structural Database.
  • Introduction of a novel method for comparing molecular conformations.
  • Systematic exploration of chemical functionality and hydrogen bond geometry.

Main Results:

  • Identification of persistent and non-persistent hydrogen bonds across polymorphic forms.
  • Characterization of the frequency and nature of hydrogen bonds in 882 polymorphic structures.
  • Derivation of distinct subsets of conformational and packing polymorphs.
  • Demonstration that a large majority of persistent hydrogen bonds are energetically crucial for structural stability.

Conclusions:

  • Automated structural analysis provides new insights into hydrogen bond behavior in polymorphism.
  • Chemically equivalent hydrogen bonds can be identified and tracked across polymorphic transitions.
  • Persistent hydrogen bonds are key determinants of crystal structure stability, influenced by chemical and geometric factors.