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Metallic Solids

Metallic Solids

Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and...

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Updated: May 5, 2026

Nanomoulding of Functional Materials, a Versatile Complementary Pattern Replication Method to Nanoimprinting

Nanomoulding of Functional Materials, a Versatile Complementary Pattern Replication Method to Nanoimprinting

Published on: January 23, 2013

Nanomoulding with amorphous metals.

Golden Kumar¹, Hong X Tang, Jan Schroers

¹Mechanical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA.

|February 13, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Metallic glasses enable low-cost nanoimprinting of micro- and nano-devices. This study demonstrates direct nanopatterning of metallic glasses, creating durable molds for mass replication without traditional lithography.

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Last Updated: May 5, 2026

Nanomoulding of Functional Materials, a Versatile Complementary Pattern Replication Method to Nanoimprinting

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Indirect Fabrication of Lattice Metals with Thin Sections Using Centrifugal Casting

Indirect Fabrication of Lattice Metals with Thin Sections Using Centrifugal Casting

Published on: May 14, 2016

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Nanotechnology
Mechanical Engineering

Background:

Nanoimprinting requires robust molds for micro/nano-device fabrication.
Conventional silicon and metal molds have limitations like brittleness and grain size constraints.
Metallic glasses offer superior mechanical properties and lack grain size limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate direct nanopatterning of metallic glasses using hot embossing.
To explore the potential of metallic glasses as durable molds for nanoimprinting.
To establish a novel replication process for micro- and nanoscale structures.

Main Methods:

Direct hot embossing of metallic glass materials to create nanopatterns.
Crystallization of as-formed metallic glass molds.
Replication of patterned surfaces using metallic glass molds on polymers and other metallic glasses.

Main Results:

Achieved feature sizes as small as 13 nm through direct nanopatterning of metallic glasses.
Successfully created crystallized metallic glass molds from initial embossed patterns.
Demonstrated a 'spawning' process for massive replication of patterned surfaces via direct molding.

Conclusions:

Metallic glasses are suitable for direct nanopatterning and serve as durable molds for nanoimprinting.
The 'spawning' process offers a lithography-free method for mass replication of micro/nanoscale structures.
Findings are expected to advance micro/nanoscale applications utilizing metallic glasses' unique properties.