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Related Concept Videos

Arboviral Encephalitis01:25

Arboviral Encephalitis

Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
Encephalitis l: Introduction01:19

Encephalitis l: Introduction

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...
Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology01:26

Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...
Yellow Fever01:18

Yellow Fever

Yellow fever is a viral hemorrhagic disease caused by the yellow fever virus (YFV), a member of the Flaviviridae family. It is transmitted primarily by Aedes and Haemagogus mosquitoes in tropical and subtropical regions of Africa and South America. After transmission through a mosquito bite, the virus initially replicates in skin-resident immune cells such as dendritic cells and macrophages. These cells then migrate to the lymph nodes, where viral replication increases, eventually leading to...
Viral Meningitis01:18

Viral Meningitis

Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
Influenza01:27

Influenza

Influenza is an acute, highly communicable viral disease that affects the respiratory tract and is responsible for seasonal epidemics worldwide. Influenza A is the most prevalent type associated with widespread outbreaks and is subtyped based on two surface glycoproteins: hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N), as in H1N1. These glycoproteins are essential for viral infectivity, transmission, and immune recognition. Transmission occurs primarily through respiratory droplets and contaminated...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

A Murine Model of Dengue Virus-induced Acute Viral Encephalitis-like Disease
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A Murine Model of Dengue Virus-induced Acute Viral Encephalitis-like Disease

Published on: April 28, 2019

[Flavivirus encephalitis].

Tomohiko Takasaki1

  • 1National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan

Brain and Nerve = Shinkei Kenkyu No Shinpo
|February 25, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Flaviviruses are arthropod-borne viruses causing neurotropic diseases like encephalitis. Key examples include Japanese encephalitis virus and tick-borne encephalitis virus, with ongoing activity in Japan and North/South America.

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In Vivo Imaging Systems (IVIS) Detection of a Neuro-Invasive Encephalitic Virus

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Neuroscience
  • Epidemiology

Context:

  • Flaviviruses, belonging to the Flaviviridae family, are transmitted by arthropods.
  • This genus encompasses significant neurotropic viruses, including the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) and tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) serocomplexes.
  • Flavivirus encephalitis represents a group of encephalitic conditions caused by these viruses.

Purpose:

  • To provide an overview of Flaviviruses and Flavivirus encephalitis.
  • To highlight the prevalence and activity of specific Flaviviruses in different geographical regions.

Summary:

  • Flaviviruses are arthropod-transmitted viruses, including neurotropic agents like JEV and TBEV.
  • Japanese encephalitis virus remains active in Japan, while TBEV is prevalent in Hokkaido.
  • West Nile fever/encephalitis has been epidemic in the Americas since 1999.

Impact:

  • Understanding Flavivirus distribution is crucial for public health surveillance.
  • This information aids in predicting and managing potential outbreaks of Flavivirus encephalitis.
  • Highlights the global and regional significance of Flavivirus infections.