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Related Concept Videos

Herpes01:28

Herpes

Herpes simplex type 1 (HSV‑1) is a widespread pathogen responsible for orolabial lesions. It is an enveloped, double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) virus belonging to the family Herpesviridae. Once the virus infects a host cell, its double‑stranded DNA genome is delivered into the nucleus, where a coordinated cascade of immediate‑early, early, and late gene expression directs viral DNA replication, structural protein synthesis, and virion assembly. After primary infection of epithelial cells, HSV-1...
Genital Herpes01:23

Genital Herpes

Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted infection primarily caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), though herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is increasingly implicated in genital infections, particularly among younger populations. Transmission occurs mainly through sexual contact, with asymptomatic viral shedding serving as a major route of spread. This characteristic makes HSV-2 difficult to control at a population level, as individuals may unknowingly transmit the virus even in the...
Chickenpox01:20

Chickenpox

Chickenpox is an acute, highly contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), a double-stranded DNA virus belonging to the Herpesviridae family. Its transmission occurs primarily through the inhalation of respiratory droplets or direct contact with vesicular fluid from skin lesions. The incubation period typically ranges from 10 to 21 days, during which the virus replicates and disseminates through sequential phases within the host. Although generally self-limiting in children,...
Cytomegalovirus Disease01:27

Cytomegalovirus Disease

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...
Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
Smallpox01:24

Smallpox

Smallpox is a severe contagious disease caused by the Variola major virus, a double-stranded DNA member of the Poxviridae family.Variola major transmission occurs primarily via inhalation of virus-laden droplets or direct contact with infectious scabs. The incubation period averages approximately seven days, although it may range from 7 to 17 days depending on the inoculum and host factors.Clinically, the prodromal phase is marked by an abrupt onset of high fever, malaise, headache, and myalgia.

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Updated: Jun 24, 2026

A Primary Neuron Culture System for the Study of Herpes Simplex Virus Latency and Reactivation
12:22

A Primary Neuron Culture System for the Study of Herpes Simplex Virus Latency and Reactivation

Published on: April 2, 2012

Herpes simplex.

Pamela Chayavichitsilp1, Joseph V Buckwalter, Andrew C Krakowski

  • 1Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Dermatology, Rady Children's Hospital and University of California-San Diego, CA, USA.

Pediatrics in Review
|April 3, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This article details herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, covering its epidemiology, clinical differences between HSV1 and HSV2, diagnosis, and management in all age groups. It also outlines the use and limitations of oral acyclovir treatment for HSV.

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Ex Vivo Infection of Murine Epidermis with Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1
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Ex Vivo Infection of Murine Epidermis with Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1

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Detection of the Genome and Transcripts of a Persistent DNA Virus in Neuronal Tissues by Fluorescent In situ Hybridization Combined with Immunostaining
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Detection of the Genome and Transcripts of a Persistent DNA Virus in Neuronal Tissues by Fluorescent In situ Hybridization Combined with Immunostaining

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Last Updated: Jun 24, 2026

A Primary Neuron Culture System for the Study of Herpes Simplex Virus Latency and Reactivation
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Ex Vivo Infection of Murine Epidermis with Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1
11:56

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Detection of the Genome and Transcripts of a Persistent DNA Virus in Neuronal Tissues by Fluorescent In situ Hybridization Combined with Immunostaining
13:22

Detection of the Genome and Transcripts of a Persistent DNA Virus in Neuronal Tissues by Fluorescent In situ Hybridization Combined with Immunostaining

Published on: January 23, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a common viral infection with significant public health implications.
  • Understanding HSV epidemiology and clinical presentations is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection.
  • To elucidate the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management of HSV.
  • To differentiate between HSV1 and HSV2 infections and their outcomes in various populations, including neonates.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiological data on HSV transmission, incubation, and communicability.
  • Analysis of clinical manifestations differentiating HSV1 and HSV2.
  • Examination of diagnostic approaches for various HSV presentations.
  • Evaluation of HSV infection outcomes in newborns versus older children.
  • Discussion of current management strategies, including oral acyclovir indications and limitations.

Main Results:

  • Distinct epidemiological patterns and clinical presentations exist for HSV1 and HSV2.
  • HSV infection diagnosis requires consideration of varied clinical manifestations.
  • Neonatal HSV infection carries a higher risk of severe outcomes compared to older children.
  • Oral acyclovir is a key treatment, but its indications and limitations must be understood.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of HSV infection relies on accurate diagnosis and understanding of its diverse epidemiology and clinical spectrum.
  • Knowledge of HSV1 vs. HSV2 differences and age-specific outcomes is vital for patient care.
  • Oral acyclovir plays a critical role in HSV treatment, necessitating awareness of its appropriate use and constraints.