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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Continuous Blood Sampling in Small Animal Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Enables the Measurement of the Arterial Input Function
10:21

Continuous Blood Sampling in Small Animal Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Enables the Measurement of the Arterial Input Function

Published on: August 8, 2019

Analysis of partial volume effects on arterial input functions using gradient echo: a simulation study.

Birgitte F Kjølby1, Irene K Mikkelsen, Michael Pedersen

  • 1Department of Neuroradiology, Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark. birgitte@pet.auh.dk

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
|April 15, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Accurate arterial input function (AIF) measurement in perfusion MRI is challenged by partial volume effects. Our model shows tissue contamination broadens and distorts the AIF, impacting quantitative perfusion metrics.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Biophysics
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Perfusion-weighted MRI requires an accurate arterial input function (AIF) for quantitative blood flow and volume measurements.
  • Limited spatial resolution in MRI often prevents AIF voxels from being exclusively within a feeding artery, leading to partial volume effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a two-compartment model for the arterial input function (AIF) that accounts for partial volume effects.
  • To investigate the impact of tissue contamination within AIF voxels on quantitative perfusion metrics at different magnetic field strengths (1.5 T and 3.0 T).

Main Methods:

  • A two-compartment model was developed to represent an AIF voxel, incorporating relaxation properties of both blood and surrounding tissue.
  • Simulations considered artery orientations parallel and perpendicular to the main magnetic field.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Continuous Blood Sampling in Small Animal Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Enables the Measurement of the Arterial Input Function
10:21

Continuous Blood Sampling in Small Animal Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Enables the Measurement of the Arterial Input Function

Published on: August 8, 2019

Quantification of Mouse Heart Left Ventricular Function, Myocardial Strain, and Hemodynamic Forces by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Quantification of Mouse Heart Left Ventricular Function, Myocardial Strain, and Hemodynamic Forces by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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  • The model was applied to gradient echo pulse sequences at 1.5 T and 3.0 T to assess partial volume effects on perfusion metrics.

    • Main Results:

    • The tissue contribution within an AIF voxel was shown to broaden the AIF and introduce fluctuations.
    • Partial volume effects were found to bias quantitative perfusion metrics in a nonlinear manner.
    • These effects significantly compromise the accuracy of quantitative perfusion estimates and local AIF selection.

    Conclusions:

    • Partial volume effects in perfusion MRI substantially alter the arterial input function (AIF).
    • Accurate quantitative perfusion measurements and reliable AIF selection are compromised by tissue contamination in AIF voxels.
    • The developed model highlights the necessity of addressing partial volume effects for improved perfusion MRI accuracy.