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Updated: Jun 23, 2026
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An Automated Method for Assessing Visual Acuity in Infants and Toddlers Using an Eye-Tracking System
Published on: March 17, 2023
The teller acuity cards are effective in detecting amblyopia.
James R Drover1, Lauren M Wyatt, David R Stager
1Department of Psychology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. jrdrover@mun.ca
Summary
Teller Acuity Cards (TAC) effectively detect amblyopia in children. Grating acuity, measured by TAC, shows high sensitivity for amblyopia detection, offering a viable clinical alternative.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Pediatric Vision
- Visual Neuroscience
Background:
- Amblyopia detection in infants and toddlers is challenging due to the inaccuracy of fixation preference.
- Grating acuity has been considered an alternative but not equivalent to optotype acuity in older children.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effectiveness of Teller Acuity Cards (TAC) in detecting amblyopia in children old enough for optotype acuity testing.
- To compare grating acuity measurements with optotype acuity in amblyopic and non-amblyopic children.
Main Methods:
- Grating acuity was assessed monocularly in 45 patients with unilateral amblyopia, 44 at risk for amblyopia, and 37 controls.
- Grating acuity classifications were compared against formal amblyopia diagnoses.
- Optotype acuity was also measured for comparison.
Main Results:
- Grating acuity was finer than optotype acuity in amblyopic eyes, with a significant discrepancy in severe amblyopia.
- TAC successfully detected most amblyopia cases, achieving 80% sensitivity.
- Grating acuity demonstrated consistent sensitivity across amblyopia subtypes and severity levels.
Conclusions:
- Grating acuity, despite being finer than optotype acuity in amblyopic eyes, effectively identifies amblyopia in children.
- Teller Acuity Cards (TAC) provide a clinically effective alternative for amblyopia detection.
