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Related Concept Videos

Irrotational Flow01:28

Irrotational Flow

Irrotational flow is characterized by fluid motion where particles do not rotate around their axes, resulting in zero vorticity. For a flow to be irrotational, the curl of the velocity field must be zero. This imposes specific conditions on velocity gradients. For instance, to maintain zero rotation about the z-axis, the gradient condition:
Steady, Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes01:23

Steady, Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes

Hagen-Poiseuille flow describes a viscous fluid's steady, incompressible flow through a cylindrical tube with a constant radius R. This flow profile is often applied to understand fluid transport in narrow channels, such as capillaries. It serves as a foundational example of laminar flow. In this model, cylindrical coordinates (r,θ,z) are used to describe the radial (r), angular (θ), and axial (z) dimensions within the tube. For Hagen-Poiseuille flow, the velocity profile is purely axial,...
Couette Flow01:22

Couette Flow

Couette flow represents the flow of fluid between two parallel plates, with one plate fixed and the other moving with a constant velocity. This configuration allows for a simplified analysis using the Navier-Stokes equations, which govern fluid motion under conditions of viscosity and incompressibility. For Couette flow, the assumptions include a steady, laminar, incompressible flow with a zero-pressure gradient in the flow direction. This flow type is beneficial for understanding shear-driven...
Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates01:17

Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates

Understanding steady, laminar flow between parallel plates is essential for analyzing and designing flow in narrow rectangular channels, commonly found in various water conveyance and drainage systems. The Navier-Stokes equations govern fluid motion and are generally challenging to solve due to their nonlinearity. However, simplifications are possible in certain cases, like the steady laminar flow between parallel plates. For this scenario, we assume steady, incompressible, laminar flow.
Excess Pressure Inside a Drop and a Bubble01:13

Excess Pressure Inside a Drop and a Bubble

The shape of a small drop of liquid can be considered spherical, neglecting the effect of gravity. This drop can further be considered as two equal hemispherical drops put together due to surface tension. The forces acting on the spherical drop are due to the pressure of the liquid inside the drop, the pressure due to air outside the drop, and the force due to the surface tension acting on the two hemispherical drops.
Bernoulli's Equation for Flow Normal to a Streamline01:16

Bernoulli's Equation for Flow Normal to a Streamline

Bernoulli's equation for flow normal to a streamline explains how pressure varies across curved streamlines due to the outward centrifugal forces induced by the fluid's curvature. The pressure is higher on the inner side of the curve, near the center of curvature, and decreases outward to balance these centrifugal forces.
The pressure difference depends on the fluid's velocity and radius of curvature. The pressure variation is minimal in flows with nearly straight streamlines. However, the...

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Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Uncoupling Coriolis Force and Rotating Buoyancy Effects on Full-Field Heat Transfer Properties of a Rotating Channel
10:03

Uncoupling Coriolis Force and Rotating Buoyancy Effects on Full-Field Heat Transfer Properties of a Rotating Channel

Published on: October 5, 2018

Bubble pinch-off in a rotating flow.

Raymond Bergmann1, Anders Andersen, Devaraj van der Meer

  • 1Department of Physics and Center for Fluid Dynamics, The Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.

Physical Review Letters
|June 13, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers studied air bubble formation in a rotating water vortex. They found the bubble neck radius follows a power law, suggesting Bernoulli pressure drives the final pinch-off.

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Last Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Uncoupling Coriolis Force and Rotating Buoyancy Effects on Full-Field Heat Transfer Properties of a Rotating Channel
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Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Physics of complex fluids

Background:

  • Bathtub vortex formation involves draining water from a rotating cylinder.
  • Surface instabilities at the vortex tip can lead to bubble release.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate air bubble formation and pinch-off dynamics in a finite-depth bathtub vortex.
  • Determine the scaling laws governing the neck radius during bubble pinch-off.
  • Identify the physical mechanisms responsible for the final pinch-off event.

Main Methods:

  • Creation of a bathtub vortex in a rotating cylindrical container.
  • High-speed imaging to capture bubble dynamics at the vortex tip.
  • Analysis of the minimal neck radius evolution over time.

Main Results:

  • Air bubbles are formed at the unstable tip of the vortex.
  • The minimal neck radius decreases with time following a power law with an exponent near 1/3.
  • Volume oscillations of the vortex tip induce significant airflow through the neck.

Conclusions:

  • The observed power-law exponent suggests a connection to gas flow-driven pinch-off.
  • Bernoulli pressure reduction due to airflow is proposed as the mechanism overcoming centrifugal forces for final pinch-off.