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Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
06:42

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

Fluctuation theorem for arbitrary open quantum systems.

Michele Campisi1, Peter Talkner, Peter Hänggi

  • 1Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, Universitätsstrasse 1, D-86135 Augsburg, Germany.

Physical Review Letters
|June 13, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The study extends the validity of fundamental thermodynamic theorems, like the Crooks theorem and Jarzynski equality, to open quantum systems. This generalization applies without restrictions on the environment or system-environment coupling strength.

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Last Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
06:42

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Quantum thermodynamics
  • Statistical mechanics

Background:

  • Open quantum systems interact with their environment, influencing their thermodynamic properties.
  • Classical thermodynamic equalities like the Crooks theorem and Jarzynski equality have limitations when applied to quantum systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To extend the validity of the Crooks theorem and Jarzynski equality to open quantum systems.
  • To establish a generalized free energy applicable to quantum systems interacting with a thermal environment.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing the definition of thermodynamic equilibrium free energy for open quantum systems.
  • Relating the generalized free energy to the Hamiltonian of mean force.

Main Results:

  • The Crooks theorem and Jarzynski equality are shown to be valid for open quantum systems.
  • The generalized free energy is independent of the environment's nature and coupling strength.
  • The derived free energy is connected to the Hamiltonian of mean force, a quantum generalization of the potential of mean force.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully extends key concepts of non-equilibrium thermodynamics to the quantum realm.
  • This work provides a theoretical framework for analyzing thermodynamic processes in open quantum systems under broad conditions.