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Related Concept Videos

EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research01:21

EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research

Embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells are excellent models for disease research because of their ability to self-renew and differentiate into most cell types. Somatic cells from a patient are isolated and reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs. These iPSCs are later differentiated into the desired cell type, which mirrors the diseased cell of the patient. In this way, disease models have been created for investigating diseases such as Down syndrome, type I diabetes,...
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic cells are...
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore called induced pluripotent stem...
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore called induced pluripotent stem...
iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

iPS Cell Differentiation

The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
Stem Cell Culture01:17

Stem Cell Culture

Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...

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Modeling Osteosarcoma Using Li-Fraumeni Syndrome Patient-derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
08:52

Modeling Osteosarcoma Using Li-Fraumeni Syndrome Patient-derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Published on: June 13, 2018

Pluripotent stem cells and disease modeling.

Alan Colman1, Oliver Dreesen

  • 1Institute of Medical Biology, Singapore, Singapore. alan.colman@imb.a-star.edu.sg

Cell Stem Cell
|September 8, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) can differentiate into any cell type. Researchers can now create disease models using genetically defective stem cells, guiding principles are suggested for optimal technology-disease matching.

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Area of Science:

  • Stem cell biology
  • Regenerative medicine
  • Disease modeling

Background:

  • Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) possess pluripotency, enabling differentiation into various somatic cell types.
  • Genetically defective hESCs and hiPSCs can be generated for in vitro disease modeling, offering insights into pathological mechanisms.
  • The precise application of stem cell technology requires careful consideration of the specific disease context.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the potential of hESCs and hiPSCs in disease modeling.
  • To propose guiding principles for selecting and applying stem cell technologies in the context of specific diseases.
  • To facilitate the development of accurate and relevant in vitro disease models.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current stem cell differentiation capabilities.
  • Analysis of strategies for generating genetically modified stem cells.
  • Formulation of principles for matching stem cell technology to disease characteristics.

Main Results:

  • hESCs and hiPSCs offer a versatile platform for creating patient-specific or disease-specific cellular models.
  • The generation of stem cells with specific genetic defects allows for the recapitulation of disease phenotypes in vitro.
  • Established principles can guide the selection of appropriate stem cell types and differentiation protocols for modeling diverse diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Stem cell technology, particularly hESCs and hiPSCs, provides powerful tools for advancing our understanding of human diseases.
  • Careful consideration of technological capabilities and disease-specific requirements is crucial for successful in vitro disease modeling.
  • The proposed guiding principles aim to optimize the use of stem cell-based models for research and therapeutic development.