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Related Concept Videos

Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy01:05

Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy

Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy or TIRF is an advanced microscopic technique used to visualize fluorophores in samples close to a solid surface with a higher refractive index, such as a glass coverslip. TIRF only allows fluorophores in proximity to the solid surface to be excited. When light from a medium with a lower refractive index (such as air) hits the glass coverslip at a critical angle, the light undergoes total internal reflection stead of passing through the glass.
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Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview

Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to study the composition of materials. It is widely employed in chemistry, materials science, forensic science, and other fields where sample characterization is required. ATR has several advantages over traditional transmission IR spectroscopy, including the requirement of little to no sample preparation and the ability to analyze a wide range of samples.
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An Electrochemical Cholesteric Liquid Crystalline Device for Quick and Low-Voltage Color Modulation
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Electro-optic total internal reflection modulation.

H J Simon, C H Lee

    Optics Letters
    |September 12, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Researchers observed the electro-optic effect during total internal reflection for the first time. This phenomenon, seen in KDP crystals, shows a resonance in reflected light when an electric field is applied at the critical angle.

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    Area of Science:

    • Nonlinear Optics
    • Condensed Matter Physics
    • Photonics

    Background:

    • The electro-optic effect modulates light properties with an electric field.
    • Total internal reflection is a fundamental optical phenomenon crucial for light manipulation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To report the first observation of the electro-optic effect under conditions of total internal reflection.
    • To investigate the behavior of light at the critical angle when an electric field is applied.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a He-Ne laser and a high-index prism to direct light onto a potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystal.
    • Applied a pulsed electric field to the KDP crystal via coated-surface electrodes.
    • Analyzed the reflected light at the critical angle for total internal reflection.

    Main Results:

    • Observed a distinct resonance in the modulated reflected light at the critical angle.
    • The experimental results align with theoretical predictions from nonlinear optics boundary-value problems.

    Conclusions:

    • Successfully demonstrated the electro-optic effect in total internal reflection.
    • Validated the theoretical framework for nonlinear optics in describing this novel observation.