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Passive Filters01:27

Passive Filters

Passive filters are utilized to shape the frequency spectrum of signals across a diverse array of applications. These filters, using only passive elements like resistors (R), inductors (L), and capacitors (C), are capable of selectively allowing or blocking certain frequency ranges without the need for external power sources.
Low-Pass Filters
Low-pass filters are designed to transmit signals with frequencies lower than the cutoff frequency, ωc, and attenuate those above it. The cutoff frequency...
Active Filters01:25

Active Filters

Active filters are electronic circuits that use operational amplifiers (op-amps), resistors, and capacitors to filter out unwanted frequency components from a signal. A first-order low-pass active filter is designed to pass signals with a frequency lower than a certain cutoff frequency and attenuate frequencies higher than that cutoff frequency. The transfer function for a first-order low-pass active filter is:
Bandpass Sampling01:17

Bandpass Sampling

In signal processing, bandpass sampling is an effective technique for sampling signals that have most of their energy concentrated within a narrow frequency band. This type of signal is known as a bandpass signal. The key principle of bandpass sampling involves sampling the signal at a rate that is greater than twice the signal's bandwidth to prevent aliasing.
A bandpass signal has a spectrum with a lower frequency limit, denoted as ω1, and an upper frequency limit, denoted as ω2. The spectrum...
Design Example01:23

Design Example

The innovation of touch-tone telephony revolutionized the telecommunications industry by replacing the traditional rotary dial with a dual-tone multi-frequency (DTMF) signaling system. This system uses a matrix-style keypad with buttons arranged in four rows and three columns, creating 12 distinct signals each assigned to a pair of frequencies. Each button press results in a simultaneous generation of two sinusoidal tones – one from a low-frequency group (697 to 941 Hz) and one from a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Design and Characterization Methodology for Efficient Wide Range Tunable MEMS Filters
15:25

Design and Characterization Methodology for Efficient Wide Range Tunable MEMS Filters

Published on: February 4, 2018

Tunable in-line fiber-optic bandpass filter.

K McCallion, W Johnstone, G Fawcett

    Optics Letters
    |October 22, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study demonstrates a novel fiber-optic bandpass filter using evanescent coupling. The filter achieves narrow linewidths and high rejection ratios with low insertion loss, enabling efficient wavelength selection.

    Area of Science:

    • Optoelectronics
    • Photonics
    • Fiber Optics

    Background:

    • Fiber-optic filters are crucial for wavelength division multiplexing and optical sensing.
    • Existing filters often face limitations in terms of size, cost, or performance.
    • Evanescent coupling offers a promising mechanism for compact and efficient optical device fabrication.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate an in-line fiber-optic bandpass wavelength filter.
    • To investigate the performance characteristics of the filter based on evanescent contact.
    • To explore the tunability of the filter by varying overlay waveguide parameters.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of a single-mode fiber with a side-polished core.
    • Integration of the polished fiber in evanescent contact with a high-index multimode overlay waveguide.

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    Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

    Design and Characterization Methodology for Efficient Wide Range Tunable MEMS Filters
    15:25

    Design and Characterization Methodology for Efficient Wide Range Tunable MEMS Filters

    Published on: February 4, 2018

    In-situ Tapering of Chalcogenide Fiber for Mid-infrared Supercontinuum Generation
    09:39

    In-situ Tapering of Chalcogenide Fiber for Mid-infrared Supercontinuum Generation

    Published on: May 27, 2013

  • Characterization of the filter's transmission spectrum, linewidth, peak spacing, rejection ratio, and insertion loss.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved passband linewidths as narrow as 5.2 nm.
    • Observed transmission peak spacing tunable from 45 nm to 256 nm by adjusting overlay waveguide parameters.
    • Demonstrated high rejection ratios exceeding 20 dB.
    • Recorded low insertion losses of approximately 0.5 dB.

    Conclusions:

    • The demonstrated fiber-optic filter effectively utilizes evanescent coupling for precise wavelength selection.
    • The filter exhibits excellent performance metrics, including narrow linewidths, high rejection, and low loss.
    • The tunability of the filter parameters suggests potential for versatile applications in optical communication and sensing systems.