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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
Bacterial Gastroenteritis01:18

Bacterial Gastroenteritis

Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid receptor...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction01:26

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows “skip lesions” in which...
Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...

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The Citrobacter rodentium Mouse Model: Studying Pathogen and Host Contributions to Infectious Colitis
11:04

The Citrobacter rodentium Mouse Model: Studying Pathogen and Host Contributions to Infectious Colitis

Published on: February 19, 2013

Bacterial colitis.

Harry T Papaconstantinou1, J Scott Thomas

  • 1Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, Scott and White Hospital, Temple, TX 76508, USA. hpapaconstantinou@swmail.sw.org

Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery
|December 17, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bacterial colitis causes inflammatory diarrhea with bloody stools. Definitive diagnosis requires identifying specific bacteria, with treatment varying by patient risk and disease severity.

Keywords:
Bacteriacolitisdiarrheadysentery

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Bacterial colitis presents as inflammatory diarrhea, often bloody, with symptoms like fever and abdominal pain.
  • Pathological changes vary from superficial to transmural inflammation with ulceration.
  • Common causative agents include Campylobacter, Salmonella, Shigella, Escherichia, and Yersinia species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiology, epidemiology, and diagnostic modalities of bacterial colitis.
  • To emphasize the importance of bacterial identification for definitive diagnosis and management.
  • To outline appropriate treatment strategies based on patient risk and disease complexity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on bacterial colitis.
  • Discussion of clinical presentation and pathological findings.
  • Analysis of diagnostic methods including stool culture, histology, and toxin identification.

Main Results:

  • Bacterial colitis is transmitted via fecal-oral route through contaminated food and water.
  • Diagnosis relies on clinical history, risk factor identification, and definitive bacterial identification.
  • Infections are often self-limiting, but antibiotics are crucial for high-risk or complicated cases.

Conclusions:

  • Physicians must understand bacterial colitis pathophysiology and epidemiology for accurate diagnosis.
  • Prompt identification of enteric pathogens is essential for effective management.
  • Antibiotic therapy is indicated for specific patient groups to prevent complications.