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Related Concept Videos

Piaget's Stage 1 of Cognitive Development01:14

Piaget's Stage 1 of Cognitive Development

The sensorimotor stage, the initial phase of Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, spans the first two years of a child's life. During this period, infants actively engage with their surroundings, building cognitive awareness through direct interaction with the world. This interaction is primarily based on sensory perception and motor actions, allowing infants to gradually understand basic physical properties and predict how objects interact within their environment.
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Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development emphasizes the role of thinking in a child's learning process, suggesting that children are naturally curious about their environment. His approach to development is discontinuous, proposing that cognitive abilities progress through distinct stages, each with unique characteristics. Central to Piaget's theory is schemata—mental structures that allow individuals to understand and interpret the world.
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Information Processing Approach01:30

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The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is also...
Piaget's Stage 2 of Cognitive Development01:14

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The preoperational stage, the second of Jean Piaget's four stages of cognitive development, spans approximately ages 2 to 7 and is characterized by the emergence of symbolic thinking. During this stage, children use language, images, and symbols to represent objects and concepts, enabling them to engage in imaginative and pretend play. This symbolic thinking supports children's ability to perform make-believe actions, such as imagining a broom as a horse or their hand as a phone, blending...
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Piaget's Stage 4 of Cognitive Development

The formal operational stage, as described in Piaget's cognitive development theory, begins around age 11 and extends into adulthood. It marks the emergence of advanced cognitive abilities that differentiate adolescent and adult thinking from those of younger children. This stage is characterized by abstract reasoning, hypothetical-deductive reasoning, and a more complex understanding of self and others.
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Quantified Assessment of Infant's Gross Motor Abilities Using a Multisensor Wearable
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Published on: May 17, 2024

Aging, time scales, and sensorimotor variability.

Karl M Newell1, Gottfried Mayer-Kress, Yeou-Teh Liu

  • 1Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. Kmn1@psu.edu

Psychology and Aging
|December 23, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aging reduces shorter time scales in movement control, impacting motor variability. Shorter time scales are sensitive biomarkers for detecting early aging and disease effects.

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Published on: May 17, 2024

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High-Throughput Behavioral Aging and Lifespan Assays Using the Lifespan Machine

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biophysics
  • Human Movement Science

Background:

  • Aging is associated with increased intraindividual variability in behavior.
  • Understanding the time scales of this variability is crucial for aging research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate time scales of variability in aging using a dynamic systems framework.
  • Examine if shorter time scales are lost with aging and act as sensitive biomarkers.

Main Methods:

  • Dynamic analysis of movement and postural variability.
  • Analysis of frequency and time domains of motor output.
  • Self-organization and dynamic systems framework.

Main Results:

  • Aging is linked to a reduction or loss of shorter time scales in movement control.
  • Shorter time scales in motor variability are more sensitive to aging and disease onset.

Conclusions:

  • Dynamic analysis reveals distinct roles of stability and noise in age-related variability.
  • Shorter time scales are key indicators for early detection of aging and disease impacts.