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Spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis is the process by which haploid sperm cells are produced in the male testes. It starts with stem cells located close to the outer rim of seminiferous tubules. These spermatogonial stem cells divide asymmetrically to give rise to additional stem cells (meaning that these structures “self-renew”), as well as sperm progenitors, called spermatocytes. Importantly, this method of asymmetric mitotic division maintains a population of spermatogonial stem cells in the male reproductive...

Spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis is a complex process that involves the development of sperm cells from undifferentiated stem cells in the seminiferous tubules of the testes. The process is essential for the production of mature and functional sperm cells that are capable of fertilizing an egg.
The process of spermatogenesis can be divided into mitosis, meiosis, and spermiogenesis. During mitosis, the spermatogonia or stem cells divide to produce two identical daughter cells, type A and B spermatogonia. Type-A...

Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell

Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell

A hair follicle or HF is a small part of the skin that produces the hair shaft. Paul Gerson Unna was the first to observe a bulge in the human hair follicle's outer root sheath (ORS). The bulge is present between the sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle and is the niche for hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). The bulge is also a niche for melanocyte stem cells, and their loss results in graying of hair. The HFSCs express Sox9 and Lhx2, which help them maintain stemness and prevent...

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.

Adult Stem Cells

Adult Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously renew...

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Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Germ Cell Transplantation and Testis Tissue Xenografting in Mice

Germ Cell Transplantation and Testis Tissue Xenografting in Mice

Published on: February 6, 2012

Testicular germline stem cells.

Kehkooi Kee¹, Renee A Reijo Pera, Paul J Turek

¹Center for Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research and Education, Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA.

Nature Reviews. Urology

|January 20, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Adult testis germ cells can be reprogrammed into stem cells with embryonic potential. These patient-specific, non-embryo-derived cells offer future therapeutic possibilities for men.

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Teratoma Generation in the Testis Capsule

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Published on: November 7, 2011

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Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Germ Cell Transplantation and Testis Tissue Xenografting in Mice

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Teratoma Generation in the Testis Capsule

Teratoma Generation in the Testis Capsule

Published on: November 7, 2011

Area of Science:

Reproductive biology
Stem cell science
Regenerative medicine

Background:

Stem cells possess self-renewal and differentiation capabilities, crucial for tissue regeneration and organ replacement.
Embryonic stem cells are well-researched, but adult stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells are gaining traction for cell-based therapies.
Testis stem cells are emerging as a focus for evaluating pluripotency and therapeutic potential.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the pluripotency potential of adult testis stem cells.
To explore the creation of embryonic-like stem cells from male germ cells.
To assess the feasibility of patient-specific, non-embryo-derived stem cells for male therapies.

Main Methods:

Adult testis germ cells were utilized as the source material.
Reprogramming techniques were employed to induce pluripotency.
Characterization of the resulting stem cells was performed to assess their embryonic-like potential.

Main Results:

Stem cells exhibiting embryonic-like potential were successfully generated from adult testis germ cells.
These cells demonstrate the capacity for self-renewal and differentiation, characteristic of pluripotent stem cells.

Conclusions:

Adult testis germ cells can be a source of pluripotent stem cells.
This research paves the way for patient-specific, non-embryo-derived stem cell therapies for men.
Testis stem cells represent a promising avenue for regenerative medicine in males.