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Related Concept Videos

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
Genomic DNA in Eukaryotes00:58

Genomic DNA in Eukaryotes

Eukaryotes have large genomes compared to prokaryotes. To fit their genomes into a cell, eukaryotic DNA is packaged extraordinarily tightly inside the nucleus. To achieve this, DNA is tightly wound around proteins called histones, which are packaged into nucleosomes that are joined by linker DNA and coil into chromatin fibers. Additional fibrous proteins further compact the chromatin, which is recognizable as chromosomes during certain phases of cell division.
Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes03:21

Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes

While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes03:21

Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes

While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
Genomic DNA in Prokaryotes00:46

Genomic DNA in Prokaryotes

The genome of most prokaryotic organisms consists of double-stranded DNA organized into one circular chromosome in a region of cytoplasm called the nucleoid. The chromosome is tightly wound, or supercoiled, for efficient storage. Prokaryotes also contain other circular pieces of DNA called plasmids. These plasmids are smaller than the chromosome and often carry genes that confer adaptive functions, such as antibiotic resistance.
Genomic Diversity in Bacteria
Although bacterial genomes are much...
Genome Annotation and Assembly03:36

Genome Annotation and Assembly

The genome refers to all of the genetic material in an organism. It can range from a few million base pairs in microbial cells to several billion base pairs in many eukaryotic organisms. Genome assembly refers to the process of taking the DNA sequencing data and putting it all back together in a correct order to create a close representation of the original genome. This is followed by the identification of functional elements on the newly assembled genome, a process called genome annotation.

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Comprehensive Workflow for the Genome-wide Identification and Expression Meta-analysis of the ATL E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Gene Family in Grapevine
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Gramene QTL database: development, content and applications.

Junjian Ni1, Anuradha Pujar, Ken Youens-Clark

  • 1Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-1901, USA and Cold Spring Harbor Labs, 1 Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA.

Database : the Journal of Biological Databases and Curation
|February 17, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a quantitative trait loci (QTL) database, the largest online collection of rice QTL data. It integrates diverse plant genetics information to aid forward and reverse genetics research.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant genetics
  • Bioinformatics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Quantitative trait loci (QTL) research is crucial for understanding complex traits in plants.
  • Integrating diverse genetic data is challenging but essential for advancing plant genetics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and describe a comprehensive quantitative trait loci (QTL) database.
  • To demonstrate how the QTL database facilitates both forward and reverse genetics research.
  • To enhance the utilization of QTL information in plant biology.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic alignment of QTLs to the rice genome using flanking markers.
  • Integration of data from diverse domains including genetic maps, sequences, and functional annotations.
  • Development of search functionalities for genomic features and candidate genes.

Main Results:

  • The database hosts the world's largest online collection of rice QTL data.
  • QTLs are searchable as genomic features aligned to the rice sequence.
  • Researchers can identify co-localizing QTLs, improve QTL resolution, and identify candidate genes within QTL intervals.

Conclusions:

  • The developed QTL database significantly enhances the potential for understanding and utilizing QTL information.
  • It provides a powerful resource for identifying gene-phenotype associations and facilitating fine mapping.
  • Integration of diverse data across species and biological complexity advances plant genetics research.