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Related Concept Videos

Replication in Eukaryotes02:31

Replication in Eukaryotes

Overview
Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

Replication in Eukaryotes

In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...
Replication in Eukaryotes02:31

Replication in Eukaryotes

Overview
Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

Replication in Eukaryotes

In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...
DNA Replication02:40

DNA Replication

DNA replication involves the separation of the two strands of the double helix, with each strand serving as a template from which the new complementary strand is copied.  After replication, each double-stranded DNA includes one parental or “old” strand and one “new” strand. This is known as semiconservative replication. The resulting DNA molecules have the same sequence and are divided equally into the two daughter cells.
Replication in Prokaryotes
DNA replication uses a large number of...
Replication in Prokaryotes01:32

Replication in Prokaryotes

DNA replication has three main steps: initiation, elongation, and termination. Replication in prokaryotes begins when initiator proteins bind to the single origin of replication (ori) on the cell's circular chromosome. Replication then proceeds around the entire circle of the chromosome in each direction from the two replication forks, resulting in two DNA molecules.
Many Proteins Work Together to Replicate the Chromosome
Replication is coordinated and carried out by a host of specialized...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Strand-Specific Analysis of Proteins at Replicating DNA Strands by Enrichment and Sequencing of Protein-Associated Nascent DNA Method
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Strand-Specific Analysis of Proteins at Replicating DNA Strands by Enrichment and Sequencing of Protein-Associated Nascent DNA Method

Published on: May 2, 2025

Mathematical modelling of eukaryotic DNA replication.

Olivier Hyrien1, Arach Goldar

  • 1Ecole Normale Supérieure, UMR CNRS 8541, 46 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France. hyrien@biologie.ens.fr

Chromosome Research : an International Journal on the Molecular, Supramolecular and Evolutionary Aspects of Chromosome Biology
|March 6, 2010
PubMed
Summary

DNA replication in eukaryotes is complex and varies between cells. Stochasticity in origin usage ensures the robustness and reliability of DNA replication processes.

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Last Updated: Jun 15, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Eukaryotic DNA replication initiates at numerous origins, activated asynchronously during S phase.
  • Replication forks converge to terminate DNA synthesis, with more potential origins than actively used.
  • Cell-to-cell variability in replication timing and origin usage introduces stochasticity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehend the complexity of chromosome replication.
  • To interpret large-scale DNA replication data.
  • To investigate the role of stochasticity in DNA replication.

Main Methods:

  • High-throughput microarray and sequencing for population-averaged data.
  • Single-molecule techniques like DNA combing for cell-to-cell variability.
  • Mathematical modeling and computer simulations for data interpretation.

Main Results:

  • Analysis of genome-wide replication data in diverse model systems (yeast, Xenopus, mammalian cells).
  • Characterization of spatiotemporal replication patterns and origin efficiencies.
  • Demonstration of stochasticity in origin selection and firing times.

Conclusions:

  • Stochasticity in replication origin usage is crucial for robust chromosome replication.
  • Mathematical modeling is essential for understanding complex DNA replication dynamics.
  • Variability in replication patterns contributes to overall genomic stability.