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Multi-Scale Modification of Metallic Implants With Pore Gradients, Polyelectrolytes and Their Indirect Monitoring In vivo
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Drug-eluting medical implants.

Meital Zilberman1, Amir Kraitzer, Orly Grinberg

  • 1Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel. meitalz@eng.tau.ac.il

Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology
|March 11, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Drug-eluting medical implants actively promote healing by releasing therapeutic agents. This review covers vascular stents, wound dressings, and tissue scaffolds, addressing controlled drug release challenges for enhanced biomedical applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Drug Delivery Systems
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Drug-eluting medical implants are active devices designed to support tissue and induce healing.
  • Controlled release of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) into surrounding tissues is key to their therapeutic effect.
  • This chapter examines internal and external drug-eluting devices, including vascular stents, wound dressings, and tissue regeneration scaffolds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review different types of drug-eluting medical implants, focusing on vascular stents, wound dressings, and protein-eluting scaffolds.
  • To discuss the challenges and strategies for controlling drug release from these diverse implant types.
  • To explore the role of materials, drug properties, and processing parameters in implant performance.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of drug release mechanisms for various implant types (vascular stents, wound dressings, scaffolds).
  • Discussion of material properties, including matrix formats, polymers, and composite structures (e.g., core/shell fibers, structured films).
  • Examination of the influence of processing parameters on microstructure, drug release profiles, and mechanical/physical properties.

Main Results:

  • Drug-eluting vascular stents typically use slow-releasing, water-insoluble antiproliferative agents.
  • Drug-eluting wound dressings often employ fast-releasing, water-soluble antibacterial agents, requiring control strategies.
  • Protein-eluting scaffolds incorporate sensitive, high-molecular-weight bioactive agents, necessitating careful process control to maintain activity.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the interplay between processing, microstructure, and release kinetics is crucial for optimizing drug-eluting implant performance.
  • Novel materials and modifications are continuously enhancing the capabilities of drug-eluting devices for clinical applications.
  • Drug-eluting implants represent a significant advancement in active medical devices, offering improved therapeutic outcomes.