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Related Concept Videos

The DNA Helix01:16

The DNA Helix

Overview
The DNA Helix01:07

The DNA Helix

Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, is the genetic material responsible for passing traits from generation to generation in all organisms and most viruses. DNA is composed of two strands of nucleotides that wind around each other to form a spring-like structure called a double helix. However, the double helix is not perfectly symmetrical. Instead, there are regularly occurring grooves in the structure. The major groove occurs where the sugar-phosphate backbones are relatively far apart. This space...
DNA Topoisomerases02:02

DNA Topoisomerases

Topoisomerases are enzymes that relax overwound DNA molecules during various cell processes, including DNA replication and transcription. These enzymes regulate positive and negative DNA supercoiling without changing the nucleotide sequence. DNA overwinding in a clockwise direction results in positively supercoiled DNA, whereas underwinding in a counterclockwise direction produces negatively supercoiled DNA.
Types and Mechanism of action
Topoisomerases are divided into two main types.  Type I...
DNA as a Genetic Template02:05

DNA as a Genetic Template

Two structural features of the DNA molecule provide a basis for the mechanisms of heredity: the four nucleotide bases and its double-stranded nature. The Watson-Crick model of double-helical DNA structure, proposed in 1952, drew heavily upon the X-ray crystallography work of researchers Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins. Watson, Crick, and Wilkins jointly received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work in 1962. Franklin was, controversially, excluded from the prize for...
DNA as a Genetic Template02:05

DNA as a Genetic Template

Two structural features of the DNA molecule provide a basis for the mechanisms of heredity: the four nucleotide bases and its double-stranded nature. The Watson-Crick model of double-helical DNA structure, proposed in 1952, drew heavily upon the X-ray crystallography work of researchers Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins. Watson, Crick, and Wilkins jointly received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work in 1962. Franklin was, controversially, excluded from the prize for...
Labeling DNA Probes03:31

Labeling DNA Probes

DNA probes are fragments of DNA labeled with a reporter tag to enable their detection or purification. The resulting labeled DNA probes can then hybridize to target nucleic acid sequences through complementary base-pairing, and may be used to recover or identify these regions.
Radioisotopes, fluorophores, or small molecule binding partners like biotin or digoxigenin, are the most widely used reporter tags for labeling DNA probes. These labels can be attached to the probe DNA molecule via...

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DNA-Tethered RNA Polymerase for Programmable In vitro Transcription and Molecular Computation
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Published on: December 29, 2021

Click chemistry with DNA.

Afaf H El-Sagheer1, Tom Brown

  • 1School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, UK SO17 1BJ.

Chemical Society Reviews
|March 24, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Click chemistry, particularly the copper-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction, offers efficient DNA modification. This review highlights pioneering applications in labeling, cyclization, and synthesis of DNA analogues.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Synthetic Biology

Background:

  • Click chemistry has revolutionized nucleic acid research.
  • The copper-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction is highly efficient for DNA modification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review pioneering applications of click chemistry in the nucleic acids field.
  • To showcase the versatility of the CuAAC reaction in DNA manipulation.

Main Methods:

  • Focus on the copper-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction.
  • Review of literature on DNA click chemistry applications.

Main Results:

  • CuAAC enables efficient labeling of oligonucleotides with various reporter groups.
  • Applications include DNA cyclization, synthesis of DNA catenanes, and creation of modified DNA analogues.
  • Oligonucleotides can be joined to peptide nucleic acids (PNA).

Conclusions:

  • The CuAAC reaction is a powerful and versatile tool for nucleic acid research.
  • Click chemistry has significantly advanced the field of DNA modification and synthesis.