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Induction of cell processes by local force.

L B Margolis1, S V Popov

  • 1A. N. Belozersky Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow State University, USSR.

Journal of Cell Science
|March 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Researchers applied local mechanical force to mouse cells using an electrical field, revealing that cell membrane areas differ in their ability to form processes. This finding offers insights into cell structure and mechanics.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biophysics
  • Biomaterials

Background:

  • The plasma membrane's mechanical properties are crucial for cellular functions.
  • Understanding how external forces influence cell membrane dynamics is essential for cell biology.
  • Local mechanical stimulation offers a novel approach to probe cell membrane behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the formation of cell processes induced by local mechanical force.
  • To explore the influence of alternating current (a.c.) electrical fields on cell membrane dynamics.
  • To determine the differential response of various cell membrane regions to applied force.

Main Methods:

  • Applying local mechanical force to mouse embryo fibroblasts using an a.c. electrical field.
  • Investigating cell process formation and elongation under controlled force application.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Utilizing inhibitors of actin polymerization to assess the role of the cytoskeleton.

    • Main Results:

    • Alternating current electrical fields can induce local mechanical force, leading to cell process formation.
    • Actin polymerization inhibitors did not prevent process generation, suggesting a cytoskeleton-independent mechanism.
    • Cell membrane regions exhibit differential responses to force, with protrusions forming preferentially at the active edge after polarization.
    • Pre-existing protrusions, but not retraction fibers, could be elongated by the applied force.

    Conclusions:

    • Different areas of the cell membrane possess distinct mechanical properties and responsiveness to external forces.
    • The findings provide insights into the structural organization of the cortical layer and its role in cell mechanics.
    • Local mechanical force application is a valuable tool for studying cell membrane behavior and cortical layer structure.