Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Microtubule Formation01:23

Microtubule Formation

Microtubules are dynamic structures that undergo continuous assembly and disassembly. They originate from specialized multi-protein complexes known as microtubule organizing centers or MTOCs. Within the MTOC, the point of origin of the microtubule is known as the minus end, while the end radiating outward is the plus end. Microtubules serve two primary functions — the organization of spindle complexes to separate sister chromatids during mitotic or meiotic cell division and the formation of...
Microtubules01:18

Microtubules

Microtubules are the thickest cytoskeletal filaments with a diameter of 25 nm. In prokaryotic organisms, microtubules are commonly found in locomotory appendages like cilia and flagella. In eukaryotic cells, microtubules form specialized extensions for moving fluid over the surface, like those found in cells lining the intestine.
Microtubules have two structurally similar globular protein subunits: α and β tubulins. In the cytosol, the α and β tubulins form a heterodimer. These αβ-heterodimers...
Microtubules01:35

Microtubules

There are three types of cytoskeletal structures in eukaryotic cells—microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. With a diameter of about 25 nm, microtubules are the thickest of these fibers. Microtubules carry out a variety of functions that include cell structure and support, transport of organelles, cell motility (movement), and the separation of chromosomes during cell division.Microtubules are hollow tubes whose walls are made up of globular tubulin proteins. Each tubulin...
Pinching-off of Coated Vesicles01:32

Pinching-off of Coated Vesicles

Vesicle budding is orchestrated by distinct cytosolic proteins such as adaptor proteins, coat proteins, and GTPases. To initiate vesicle budding, membrane-bending proteins containing crescent-shaped BAR domains bind to the lipid heads in the bilayer and distort the membrane to form a protein-coated vesicle bud. Adaptors proteins such as AP2 for clathrin-coated vesicles can nucleate on the deformed membrane. Finally, coat proteins such as clathrin or COPI and COPII assemble into a coat forming...
Vesicular Tubular Clusters01:45

Vesicular Tubular Clusters

After budding out from the ER membrane, some COPII vesicles lose their coat and fuse with one another to form larger vesicles and interconnected tubules called vesicular tubular clusters or VTCs. These clusters constitute a compartment at the ER-Golgi interface known as ERGIC (Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Intermediate Compartment). The ERGIC is a mobile membrane-bound cargo transport system that sorts proteins secreted from ER and delivers them to the Golgi.
With the help of motor proteins such...
Structure of Porins01:21

Structure of Porins

Mitochondria, chloroplasts, and gram-negative bacteria have transmembrane, beta-barrel proteins called porins to mediate the free diffusion of ions and metabolites across the membrane. Mitochondrial porin precursors contain conserved amino acid sequences called beta signals at their C-terminal. Beta signals have a  motif of PoXGXXHyXHy (Po-Polar, X-Any amino acid, G-Glycine, Hy-LargeHydrophobic), which are crucial for precursor recognition to initiate precursor assembly. Beta-barrel precursors...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

CpG-induced immune responses <i>via</i> DNA micelles, gold nanoparticles, and liposomes.

Nanoscale horizons·2025
Same author

Mucin-Inspired Filamentous Sulfated Copolymers Effectively Inhibit Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (hRSV) Infectivity.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2025
Same author

Size-Dependent Ultrasound Activation of Thrombin Catalytic Activity by Mechano-Nanoswitches.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2025
Same author

Microbubble Shell Stiffness Engineering Enhances Ultrasound Imaging, Drug Delivery, and Sonoporation.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2025
Same author

Modular Design of Hydrogel Adhesives for Enhanced Tissue Healing.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2025
Same author

Minimally Invasive DNA-Mediated Photostabilization for Extended Single-Molecule and Super-resolution Imaging.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same journal

3-Methyleneazetidine: a versatile building block for functional and post-modifiable polysulfonamides.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
Same journal

Synthesis of divalent galactosyl and fucosyl spiropyran derivatives for the targeted inhibition of bacterial biofilms.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
Same journal

Emergent cytotoxicity and mitochondrial alterations induced by a heterobimetallic Re(I)/Au(I) complex.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
Same journal

Cyanoacetylation of amines <i>via</i> a traceless cyanoacetyl radical: synthetic access to teriflunomide.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
Same journal

Loading layered double hydroxide nanoarray catalysts on a micro-curved substrate for kinetics-favorable water electrolysis reaction.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
Same journal

Bridging <i>in situ</i> measurements and practical conditions through gas-liquid management for CO/CO<sub>2</sub> reduction.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Facile Preparation of Internally Self-assembled Lipid Particles Stabilized by Carbon Nanotubes
09:47

Facile Preparation of Internally Self-assembled Lipid Particles Stabilized by Carbon Nanotubes

Published on: February 19, 2016

Microtubes self-assembled from a cholesterol-modified nucleoside.

Paula Pescador1, Nicolai Brodersen, Holger A Scheidt

  • 1Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig, Härtelstr. 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany. paula.pescador@medizin.uni-leipzig.de

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|June 22, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers created novel lipid microtubes using a cholesterol-modified nucleoside and phospholipids. These stable, cylindrical structures can be tuned to form nanometre-scale diameters.

More Related Videos

DNA Nanotubes as a Versatile Tool to Study Semiflexible Polymers
08:00

DNA Nanotubes as a Versatile Tool to Study Semiflexible Polymers

Published on: October 25, 2017

Spontaneous Formation and Rearrangement of Artificial Lipid Nanotube Networks as a Bottom-Up Model for Endoplasmic Reticulum
07:49

Spontaneous Formation and Rearrangement of Artificial Lipid Nanotube Networks as a Bottom-Up Model for Endoplasmic Reticulum

Published on: January 22, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Facile Preparation of Internally Self-assembled Lipid Particles Stabilized by Carbon Nanotubes
09:47

Facile Preparation of Internally Self-assembled Lipid Particles Stabilized by Carbon Nanotubes

Published on: February 19, 2016

DNA Nanotubes as a Versatile Tool to Study Semiflexible Polymers
08:00

DNA Nanotubes as a Versatile Tool to Study Semiflexible Polymers

Published on: October 25, 2017

Spontaneous Formation and Rearrangement of Artificial Lipid Nanotube Networks as a Bottom-Up Model for Endoplasmic Reticulum
07:49

Spontaneous Formation and Rearrangement of Artificial Lipid Nanotube Networks as a Bottom-Up Model for Endoplasmic Reticulum

Published on: January 22, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials science
  • Supramolecular chemistry
  • Lipid self-assembly

Background:

  • Lipid-based nanostructures are crucial for drug delivery and biomimetic systems.
  • Developing novel self-assembling lipid systems with controlled morphology is an ongoing challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the formation of lipid microtubes from a novel cholesterol-modified nucleoside.
  • To characterize the morphology and dimensions of the self-assembled structures.
  • To explore the tunability of the structure formation.

Main Methods:

  • Self-assembly of a novel cholesterol-modified nucleoside in binary mixture with phospholipids.
  • Characterization of the resulting structures using microscopy techniques.
  • Optimization of preparation conditions to control tubule dimensions.

Main Results:

  • Formation of stable, cylindrical lipid microtubes with outer diameters of 2-3 microm and lengths of 20-40 microm.
  • Demonstration of the ability to produce thinner tubules with nanometre-scale diameters by adjusting preparation conditions.
  • Successful creation of novel lipid microstructures through self-assembly.

Conclusions:

  • A novel cholesterol-modified nucleoside can self-assemble with phospholipids to form tunable lipid microtubes.
  • The developed method offers a pathway to create lipid nanostructures with controlled dimensions.
  • These findings have potential applications in areas requiring precise lipid-based architectures.