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Related Concept Videos

Polymers02:34

Polymers

The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the properties that they exhibit. Additionally,...
Polymers02:34

Polymers

The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the properties that they exhibit. Additionally,...
Polymers02:34

Polymers

The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the properties that they exhibit. Additionally,...
Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the generated carbocation,...
Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:09

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

The radical chain-growth polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination of polymerization. The polymerization initiates when a free radical generated from the radical initiator adds to the unsaturated bond in the monomer. The unpaired electron of the free radical and one π electron in the unsaturated bond creates a σ bond between the free radical and the monomer. As a result, the other π electron in the unsaturated bond converts this species into the...

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Ethylene Polymerizations Using Parallel Pressure Reactors and a Kinetic Analysis of Chain Transfer Polymerization
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Published on: November 27, 2015

Click polymerization.

Anjun Qin1, Jacky W Y Lam, Ben Zhong Tang

  • 1Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalisation of the Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Biomedical Macromolecules, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.

Chemical Society Reviews
|June 24, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review highlights alkyne-azide click polymerization for synthesizing poly(triazole)s. Novel methods achieve high regioselectivity and diverse functional properties in these advanced polymers.

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Area of Science:

  • Macromolecule and Polymer Science
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Developing novel polymerization reactions is crucial for advancing macromolecule science.
  • Alkyne-azide click reactions offer a versatile platform for polymer synthesis.
  • Poly(triazole)s (PTAs) are a class of polymers with diverse potential applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically review research on alkyne-azide click polymerization for synthesizing PTAs.
  • To summarize the development of linear and hyperbranched PTA structures.
  • To highlight the functional properties of PTAs synthesized via click polymerization.

Main Methods:

  • Cu(I)- and Ru(II)-catalyzed click polymerizations for regioselective PTA synthesis.
  • Thermal click polymerizations utilizing electronic effects for high 1,4-regioisomer content.
  • Synthesis of linear and hyperbranched poly(triazole) architectures.

Main Results:

  • Cu(I) catalysis yields 1,4-regioregular PTAs; Ru(II) catalysis yields 1,5-regioregular PTAs.
  • Thermal click polymerization achieved up to 95% 1,4-regioisomer content.
  • PTAs exhibit a wide range of functional properties including luminescence, photovoltaic effects, and biodegradability.

Conclusions:

  • Alkyne-azide click polymerization is a powerful and versatile technique for PTA synthesis.
  • Catalysis and electronic effects enable precise control over PTA regiochemistry.
  • The diverse functional properties of PTAs open avenues for advanced material applications.