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Renal outcomes in chronic kidney disease
1Dialysis Unit, University Hospital of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, Japan. chihokun@med.u-ryukyu.ac.jp
Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.)
|July 1, 2010
Summary
The prevalence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is rising in Japan, driven by factors including aging populations and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Proteinuria and hypertension are key predictors of treated ESRD, not low kidney function alone.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Public Health
Background:
- The prevalence of treated end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is increasing in Japan.
- Contributing factors include improved dialysis survival, insurance coverage, high chronic kidney disease (CKD) incidence, and an aging population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify predictors of treated ESRD in Japan.
- To understand the prevalence and trends of CKD in the Japanese population.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of community-based screening programs and an ESRD registry in Okinawa.
- Estimation of CKD stage 3 prevalence using Japanese Society of Nephrology data.
Main Results:
- Dip-stick-positive proteinuria and hypertension are strong predictors of treated ESRD.
- Low glomerular filtration rate alone is not a significant predictor unless accompanied by proteinuria.
- CKD stage 3 prevalence is estimated at 10.4% in the screened population.
Conclusions:
- CKD is prevalent and increasing in Japan, especially among the elderly.
- Proteinuria is a critical factor in ESRD development.
- The impact of proteinuria screening and eGFR reporting on ESRD incidence requires further investigation.
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