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Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Whole Blood Assay with Dual Co-Stimulation for Antigen-Specific Analysis of Host Immunity to Fungal and Viral Pathogens
Published on: September 20, 2024
[Positive interaction between immunosuppressive and antifungal drugs]
Blandine Rammaert1, Olivier Lortholary
1Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, unité d'épidémiologie et de santé publique, BP 983, Phnom Penh, Royaume du Cambodge, Paris, France. brammaert@yahoo.fr
Abstract:
Immunosuppressive and antifungal drugs are frequently associated to treat solid organ transplant patients or patients with hematological malignancies. To cure invasive fungal infection (IFI), immunosuppression has to be reduced. However, immunosuppressive drugs such as cyclosporin A, tacrolimus, sirolimus (rapamycin) or mycophenolate mofetil possess antifungal properties. Indeed fungi and humans have in common calcineurin and TOR signalization pathways which are inhibited by these molecules. In vitro experiences suggest a positive interaction between immunosuppressive and antifungal drugs such as amphotericin B, azole and echinocandins. These results are confirmed by clinical findings and thus offer further therapeutic possibilities in the context of solid organ transplantation. double dagger.
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