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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune system...
Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
What is the Immune System?01:38

What is the Immune System?

Overview
Graves' Disease I: Introduction01:28

Graves' Disease I: Introduction

Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, or overactivity of the thyroid gland. It results from autoantibodies called thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs), which bind to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors, leading to overstimulation of hormone production and a hypermetabolic state.EtiologyAlthough considered idiopathic, Graves’ disease has well-established contributing factors. There is a strong genetic component, with increased prevalence in...
Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
Type I Diabetes I: Introduction01:12

Type I Diabetes I: Introduction

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin resulting from the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Although it can occur at any age, it is most commonly diagnosed in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood. The loss of insulin production impairs cellular glucose uptake, resulting in persistent hyperglycemia and necessitating lifelong insulin therapy.Autoimmune Destruction of β-CellsThe hallmark of type 1 diabetes is an...

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Single-cell Analysis of Immunophenotype and Cytokine Production in Peripheral Whole Blood via Mass Cytometry
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Single-cell Analysis of Immunophenotype and Cytokine Production in Peripheral Whole Blood via Mass Cytometry

Published on: June 26, 2018

Rare autoimmune diseases.

Arrigo Schieppati1, Erica Daina

  • 1Clinical Research Center for Rare Diseases, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research and Renal Division, Ospedali Riuniti di Bergamo, 24020, Ranica, Bergamo, Italy. arrigo.schieppati@marionegri.it

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|September 9, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autoimmune diseases encompass diverse disorders sharing autoimmune origins, often impacting multiple systems and disproportionately affecting females. Understanding their epidemiology is crucial for healthcare interventions.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Rheumatology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders characterized by an immune system attacking the body's own tissues.
  • These conditions exhibit variable clinical presentations, ranging from single-organ to multisystem involvement.
  • Autoimmune diseases frequently lead to chronic morbidity and disability, with a higher prevalence in females.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define autoimmune diseases and highlight their common pathogenic basis.
  • To underscore the epidemiological challenges, particularly the rarity and lack of data for many autoimmune conditions.
  • To emphasize the importance of disease registries for improving epidemiological knowledge and healthcare planning.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and definitions of autoimmune diseases.
  • Analysis of clinical expression, pathogenesis, and epidemiological characteristics.
  • Discussion on the role of disease registries in advancing research.

Main Results:

  • Autoimmune diseases share a common autoimmune pathogenesis but present with diverse clinical manifestations.
  • Many autoimmune diseases are rare, lacking comprehensive epidemiological data.
  • Females are more frequently affected by autoimmune diseases than males.

Conclusions:

  • Establishing specific disease registries is essential for improving the understanding of autoimmune disease epidemiology.
  • Enhanced epidemiological data is critical for evaluating and implementing effective healthcare interventions for autoimmune conditions.
  • Further research into the epidemiology of rare autoimmune diseases is warranted.