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Updated: Jun 8, 2026
09:43
Measurement of Heme Synthesis Levels in Mammalian Cells
Published on: July 9, 2015
Acquired methemoglobinemia revisited
1Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Loma Linda University School of Dentistry, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA. ltrapp@llu.edu
Dental Clinics of North America
|September 14, 2010
Summary
Dentists should be aware of benzocaine and prilocaine, which can cause methemoglobinemia, a dangerous blood disorder. Understanding this risk is crucial for patient safety in dental procedures.
Area of Science:
- Dentistry
- Pharmacology
- Hematology
Background:
- Methemoglobinemia is a serious, potentially fatal blood disorder.
- Certain dental medications, including topical benzocaine and both topical and injectable prilocaine, are known triggers.
- Despite increased understanding, acquired methemoglobinemia remains a significant clinical concern.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the risks of methemoglobinemia associated with specific dental anesthetics.
- To emphasize the importance of professional awareness among dental practitioners regarding this adverse drug event.
- To promote enhanced patient safety in dental settings.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of methemoglobinemia and its association with dental anesthetics.
- Analysis of case reports and clinical guidelines related to benzocaine and prilocaine.
- Synthesis of current knowledge on the pathophysiology and management of acquired methemoglobinemia.
Main Results:
- Benzocaine (topical) and prilocaine (topical and injectable) are identified as key medications in dentistry linked to methemoglobinemia.
- Acquired methemoglobinemia presents a persistent risk of morbidity and mortality in both dental and medical contexts.
- Awareness of these agents and the disorder is critical for timely diagnosis and intervention.
Conclusions:
- Dental professionals must be vigilant regarding the potential for methemoglobinemia when using benzocaine and prilocaine.
- Continued education and review of this disorder are essential for ensuring patient safety.
- Proactive professional awareness can mitigate the risks associated with these commonly used dental medications.
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