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Prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of hypertensive heart disease

Vasiliki V Georgiopoulou1, Andreas P Kalogeropoulos, Paolo Raggi

  • 1Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.

Cardiology Clinics
|October 13, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Hypertensive heart disease involves cardiac changes due to high blood pressure. Renin-angiotensin system blockers are most effective for reversing left ventricular hypertrophy and improving outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Hypertension Research
  • Cardiac Physiology

Background:

  • Hypertensive heart disease (HHD) arises from chronic hypertension, causing myocardial structural and functional changes.
  • The renin-angiotensin system significantly contributes to cardiac remodeling in HHD.
  • Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a key manifestation of HHD, impacting prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of antihypertensive therapy in managing HHD.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of different antihypertensive agents in regressing LVH.
  • To highlight the importance of preventing myocardial remodeling for improved cardiac function.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on hypertensive heart disease and left ventricular hypertrophy.
  • Analysis of the impact of neurohormonal factors, specifically the renin-angiotensin system.
  • Comparison of antihypertensive agents regarding their efficacy in LVH regression.

Main Results:

  • Optimal antihypertensive therapy combined with lifestyle changes is crucial for HHD control.
  • Regression of LVH is achievable and linked to better patient prognosis.
  • Renin-angiotensin system blocking agents demonstrate the highest effectiveness in promoting LVH regression and reverse remodeling.

Conclusions:

  • Early intervention and appropriate antihypertensive strategies are vital in managing HHD.
  • Preventing myocardial remodeling before LVH onset offers greater prognostic benefits.
  • Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors are the preferred agents for treating LVH in hypertensive patients.

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