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Nucleic Acids and Nucleotides

Nucleic Acids and Nucleotides

Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and have instructions for its functioning. The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA).
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and the organelles such as chloroplasts and mitochondria. In...

Nucleic acids

Nucleic acids

Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes, the...

Nucleic Acids

Nucleic Acids

Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes, the...

Nucleic Acids

Nucleic Acids

Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes, the...

Nucleic Acids

Nucleic Acids

Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes, the...

Nucleic Acid Structure

Nucleic Acid Structure

The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA has a double-helix structure. The...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Comprehensive Workflow for the Genome-wide Identification and Expression Meta-analysis of the ATL E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Gene Family in Grapevine

Comprehensive Workflow for the Genome-wide Identification and Expression Meta-analysis of the ATL E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Gene Family in Grapevine

Published on: December 22, 2017

The European Nucleotide Archive.

Rasko Leinonen¹, Ruth Akhtar, Ewan Birney

¹European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK. rasko@ebi.ac.uk

Nucleic Acids Research

|October 26, 2010

Summary

The European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) enhanced its nucleotide sequencing data services in 2010. Key updates include improved data submission, expanded browser features, and a new search tool for researchers.

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Primer Extension Capture: Targeted Sequence Retrieval from Heavily Degraded DNA Sources

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Published on: September 3, 2009

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Last Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Comprehensive Workflow for the Genome-wide Identification and Expression Meta-analysis of the ATL E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Gene Family in Grapevine

Comprehensive Workflow for the Genome-wide Identification and Expression Meta-analysis of the ATL E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Gene Family in Grapevine

Published on: December 22, 2017

Primer Extension Capture: Targeted Sequence Retrieval from Heavily Degraded DNA Sources

Primer Extension Capture: Targeted Sequence Retrieval from Heavily Degraded DNA Sources

Published on: September 3, 2009

Area of Science:

Bioinformatics
Genomics
Molecular Biology

Background:

The European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) is a major repository for nucleotide sequence data.
It comprises the Sequence Read Archive (SRA), Trace Archive, and EMBL-Bank.
ENA facilitates the use of nucleotide sequencing in research.

Purpose of the Study:

To outline the services offered by the ENA.
To describe significant updates and improvements implemented in 2010.
To highlight advancements in data submission, archiving, and search functionalities.

Main Methods:

Description of ENA's data submission, archiving, search, and download services.
Review of enhancements to EMBL-Bank and SRA data submission.
Details on improved ENA Browser functionality and new search services.

Main Results:

Extended data submission services for EMBL-Bank and SRA.
Enhanced functionality of the ENA Browser.
Introduction of a new sequence similarity search service.
Support for data submission to the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA) via SRA.

Conclusions:

The 2010 updates significantly improved ENA's capabilities as a nucleotide sequence repository.
These enhancements aim to further support and promote nucleotide sequencing research.
ENA continues to evolve to meet the needs of the scientific community.