Linear terrestrial laser scanning using array avalanche photodiodes as detectors for rapid three-dimensional imaging

Area of Science:

• Geodesy
• Surveying
• Photogrammetry
• Remote Sensing Technology

Background:

• Terrestrial laser scanners (TLS) are active remote sensing tools crucial for generating 3D models.
• Current TLS technologies face limitations in speed and portability for rapid 3D data acquisition.

Purpose of the Study:

• Introduce a novel laser scanner developed by the Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics.
• Detail the system architecture and mathematical modeling for 3D coordinate transformation.
• Evaluate the performance and advantages of the new laser scanner.

Main Methods:

• Design and implementation of a laser scanner utilizing array avalanche photodiodes.
• Development of a mathematical model for transforming raw data into 3D coordinates within a user-defined system.
• Experimental validation of the scanner's performance, including scanning speed and accuracy.

Main Results:

• The new laser scanner can capture a 30° × 30° field of view in just 0.2 seconds.
• Achieved root mean square errors of 0.21 cm for wall surfaces and 0.01 cm for ground floor surfaces.
• Demonstrated a line scanning mode capturing 24 points per laser pulse for enhanced speed.

Conclusions:

• The developed laser scanner offers significantly faster 3D data acquisition compared to traditional point scanning methods.
• The use of two galvanometric mirrors results in a smaller, lighter instrument, enhancing user acceptability.
• This innovative technology advances rapid 3D imaging capabilities in geodesy, surveying, and photogrammetry.