[Concept of a pressure-controlled microstent for glaucoma therapy]

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Ophthalmology
• Materials Science

Context:

• Open-angle glaucoma therapy requires sustained intraocular pressure (IOP) normalization.
• Current glaucoma implants face challenges with cell proliferation and loss of function.
• Drainage into the suprachoroidal space presents a promising therapeutic avenue.

Purpose:

• To develop a pressure-controlled microstent for effective glaucoma treatment.
• To investigate local drug delivery (LDD) and surface modification strategies for implant biocompatibility.
• To refine microfabrication techniques for precise stent structures and valves.

Summary:

• Fluid mechanical analysis defined optimal stent dimensions (50 µm lumen ID, 7-10 mm length) and highlighted the need for pressure control via flexible valves.
• Ultra-short pulse laser technology and 2-photon polymerization (2PP) were employed for microstent fabrication.
• In vitro and in vivo studies confirmed the biocompatibility of Ormocer materials and the efficacy of paclitaxel and triamcinolon acetonide in controlling fibroblast proliferation.

Impact:

• The developed microstent concept integrates biomechanics, microfabrication, and LDD for novel glaucoma therapy.
• Successful prototype implantation in rabbit eyes demonstrates surgical feasibility.
• This approach offers new perspectives for managing intraocular pressure and improving patient outcomes in glaucoma treatment.