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Endurance training and elite young athletes.
Medicine and Sport Science
|December 24, 2010
Summary
Endurance training improves aerobic fitness in young athletes. Both trained and untrained youth benefit, but elite athletes may see smaller gains with further training.
Area of Science:
- Sports Science
- Pediatric Exercise Physiology
Background:
- Elite young athletes exhibit higher peak oxygen uptake (peak VO₂) than untrained peers, attributed to greater maximal stroke volumes.
- Trained athletes show faster VO₂ kinetics, but the underlying mechanisms (oxygen delivery vs. utilization) require further investigation.
- Lower blood lactate accumulation in young athletes suggests enhanced muscle oxidative function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the effects of endurance training on aerobic fitness in young people.
- To examine the dose-response relationship of endurance training on peak VO₂ in the pediatric population.
- To explore factors influencing training responses, including maturation, sex, and pre-training fitness levels.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on endurance training in youth.
- Analysis of data on peak VO₂ and its response to training.
- Examination of factors influencing training adaptations.
Main Results:
- Peak VO₂ is the primary aerobic fitness component with sufficient data for dose-response analysis in children.
- Training responses are independent of sex.
- A significant inverse relationship exists between pre-training and post-training peak VO₂, indicating smaller potential gains for elite athletes.
Conclusions:
- Both trained and untrained young individuals benefit from endurance training.
- The optimal exercise intensity for benefits in youth may be higher than recommended for adults.
- Further research, including longitudinal studies, is needed to fully understand endurance training adaptations in elite young athletes.
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